人教版英语必修一Unit-4-Earthquake知识点总结详解整理.doc
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1、必修一Unit 4 Earthquake Section A&B&C1. a big earthquake一场大地震2. sth. happen to sb.某人发生了某事3. right away= at once= in no time立刻,马上4. 【辨析】rise“上升”,不及物动词,无被动rise-rose-risenraise(1) “上升,举起”,及物动词(2) “喂养”,例句:I raised a dog.我喂养了一只狗。5. crack (n.裂缝&v.破裂) A deep crack一道深深的裂缝 The glass cracked.玻璃破裂了。6. smelly gas有
2、臭味的气体7. in the farmyard在农家庭院 on the farm在农场8. too.to.太.而不能.【拓展】表肯定:l (only/but/all/simply/just)+too+心理状态形容词/描述性形容词+to “非常” 心理状态形容词:anxious/eager/glad/pleased/thankful/delighted等描述性形容词: easy/good/kind等Im only too delighted to accept your invitation.我非常高兴接受你的邀请。l not/never too.to.“做某事还不/决不太.” 例句:Its n
3、ever too old to learn.活到老,学到老。【注意】can/could not.too/enough.“无论怎样也不过分,无论怎么都不够”You cant be too careful when crossing the road.过马路是,你再怎么小心也不为过。9. 现在分词短语做状语:表原因、时间、结果、条件、目的、让步、方式或伴随情况等。(1) 伴随状语He sat at the table reading China Daily.他坐在桌子旁看中国日报(2) 原因状语 Being ill, she didnt go to school as usual today.因为
4、生病,她今天没像往常一样去上学。(3)时间状语Having persuaded him to change his mind, I went on a journey with him.说服他改变主意后,我跟他一块儿去旅行了。(4)结果状语The mother died, leaving a lot of money for her children.那位母亲去世了,给她的孩子们留下了一大笔钱。(5)条件状语Turning right, you will find the place you want.右转弯,你就会找到你要找的地方。(6)目的状语She was hugging her dau
5、ghter, hoping to calm her down.她拥抱着她的女儿,希望能让她平静下来。【注意】现在分词否定式:not+现在分词现在分词的逻辑主语一般是句子的主语。10. a water pipe一个水管11. burst v.(使)爆裂;(使)膨胀;爆发; burst-burst-burst The water pipe cracked and burst. n.突发,爆发There was a burst of laughter in the next room.隔壁房间里突然爆发出一阵笑声。 v.猛冲;突然出现 He burst into the room without k
6、nocking.他没敲门就闯进了房间。【拓展】l burst into+名词=burst out doing 突然.起来burst into tears=burst out crying 突然哭起来/ burst into laughter=burst out laughing突然笑起来l burst in闯进l be bursting with充满;爆满 The roads are bursting with cars.车辆把那些道路挤满了。l a burst of (突然)一阵12. million百万【用法】one million一百万 several million几百万 a doze
7、n million一千两百万 millions of+名词 几百万. 【其他数字用法】tens of thousands of.数以万计的. hundreds of thousands of.几十万【其他表示数字的词】 dozen一打(十二) score(二十)13. event n.(1) 事件;(尤指)大事l current/the latest events当前事件/最新事件(2) (体育比赛等的)项目,赛事l one of the major sporting events of the year年度重大体育赛事之一【辨析】event重要事件;比赛项目The Asian Games w
8、ere one of the major sporting events of the year.亚运会是年度重大体育赛事之一。accident偶然或意外发生的不幸事情Over 70,000 people are seriously injured every year in road accidents.每年在道路事故中受伤的人有七万多。incident小事件或附带事件政治上有影响的事件或事变The incident was noticed in a magazine.这一事件在一份杂志里出现了。14. think highly/much of sb. 重视,高度评价 think littl
9、e/nothing of sb.几乎不考虑;对.不重视,忽视 think ill of认为.不好,说.坏话 think well of 认为.好,器重15. as if=as though+句子 “好像 even if= even though+句子 “尽管”【注意】(1)as if/though引导表语从句: 陈述语气:接近事实 一般过去时:与现在/将来事实相反连系动词look/seem/feel + as if/though +从句 虚拟语气 过去完成时:与过去事实相反It looks as if it will rain before long.看起来一会儿就要下雨了。(陈述语气)It
10、seems as if he knew everything.他似乎是个万事通。(虚拟语气)(2) as if还可引导方式状语从句,用法与引导表语从句时类似。(3)as if用于省略句,结构为:as if+名词/不定式/分词等 He acts as if (he were) a fool.他做事像个傻子。16. at an end完毕,结束(在句中做表语)【拓展】in the end of. 在.末端 bring/put. to an end= bring/put an end to.使.终止 in the end=finally最终 come to an end结束17. 三分之一:one
11、third 三分之二:two thirds 二又五分之三:two and three fifths【规则】分子在前,分母在后 分子基数词,分母序数词 分子大于等于2时,分母为复数形式【拓展】 可数名词复数+复数谓语 分数/百分比+of + 可数名词单数+单数谓语 不可数名词+单数谓语More than 70% of the surface of the earth is covered by water.地球超过70%的表面被水覆盖。 Some of, plenty of, a lot of, most of, the rest of, all of, half of, part of+名词作
12、为主语时,谓语动词的单复数根据of后的名词或代词的单复数。A lot of parcels are transported to all over China during the “Double-11” festival every year.每年双十一期间,有大量包裹运往中国各地。A lot of money has been wasted for no reason.许多钱被无缘无故地浪费了。18. cut across横切,穿过,抄近路19. dirt不可数名词,且前面无冠词the20. ruin (n.)废墟,断壁残垣,破灭(表“废墟,遗迹”时通常用复数ruins)We saw th
13、e ruins of the church.我们看到了这座教堂的废墟。【常用搭配】be/lie in ruins严重受损,破败不堪 v. 毁坏,毁灭,灭亡,使破产ruin sb./sth.Heavy smoke ruined his health.重度吸烟毁了他的健康。【拓展】go/come to ruin衰落,败落 fall into ruin衰落,败落 bring sth. to ruin使某物毁灭 bring sb. to ruin使某人破产 ruin oneself自我毁灭 ruin ones hopes使某人希望破灭【单复数意义不同的词】单数复数单数复数arm手臂arms武器gree
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