Counterfeit Parts Advisory仿冒电子元件公告.docx
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1、Counterfeit Parts AdvisoryPolytronix, Inc.仿冒电子元件公告This document contains information about Counterfeit Parts that may be available to be used in the Manufacture/Assembly of Products or Articles that are purchased by Polytronix, Inc.PI在电子产品生产或组装过程中可能会无意用到购买回来的仿冒电子元件,故本文特此对该类仿冒电子元件进行详细介绍。Polytronix, I
2、nc. customers have provided us with a warning that these counterfeit components are available from some distributors over the internet and from “stores” on eBay. Many counterfeit parts are hard to identify unless you compare them to a known good part or photographs similar to those in this document.
3、 从PI客户那里得知,这些仿冒电子元件来源于网络上的某些批发商和eBay网店。通常情况下,大部分的仿冒电子元件都很难辨别,除非买家将此仿冒电子元件与已知的真货来进行对比,或者与本文里所涉及到的那些照片进行对照,便可一辨真伪。We are responsible to watch for any evidence of counterfeit parts and to inspect the assemblies that we purchase to determine if counterfeit parts have been used to complete any part of th
4、e assembly.PI有责任随时留意并检查所购买回来的电子组件,以确定电子产品的组装过程中是否有用到这些仿冒电子组件。Additionally Polytronix, Inc. has an obligation to flow down to our suppliers:另外,PI有义务将以下条款要求信息传达给PI供应商:1. The requirement that no counterfeit parts are to be used in any product or article delivered to Polytronix, Inc. to satisfy a purcha
5、se order or as a sample, representative of items that are purchased by Polytronix, Inc. in the future.供应商不得以应付PI的采购订单或样品订单为由,而向PI提供任何含有仿冒电子组件的产品。2. Information regarding any known supplier of counterfeit parts with the restriction that no part or item provided by the known supplier of counterfeit pa
6、rts will be used on items delivered to Polytronix, Inc.供应商在向PI提供的任何产品中,禁止出现任何已知的伪电子组件供应商供应的电子组件。3. This requirement must flow-down to sub-contractors that a Polytronix, Inc. approved supplier may use to provide parts, materials, or assemblies for items that will be used in any item that will be deli
7、vered to Polytronix, Inc.务必将此要求传达给分包商或次供应商,该次供应商的定义为:经PI评审合格的,间接向PI提供部件,物料或组件的供应商。而其上级供应商则是直接向PI提供(包括前面所说的部件,物料或组件的)产品的供应商。4. If counterfeit parts are suspected or identified as a separate part or part of an assembly the parts or item must be immediately segregated and reported to management who wil
8、l make assignments to resolve the questions. 如果某个独立元件或组装元件被鉴定为仿冒电子元件,则应立即对此独立元件或组件进行隔离,并及时向上层管理汇报此问题,以便上层管理拟定措施解决此问题。5. Upon confirmed status of any counterfeit part or assembly all parts of the same number included in the item bill of materials used will be segregated and identified for re-inspecti
9、on and/or proper disposition by company management.一旦仿冒电子元件或组件被确认下来之后,组装材料里的所有具有相同型号的元件都应被隔离,待重新检查和/或由公司管理层进行恰当的处置。左图为广东省汕头市贵屿镇的一批工人正在从电子废弃堆里捡取塑料。汕头市贵屿镇距香港东北部只有几个小时的车程。该城市有5500家处理电子废弃物的家庭工厂。(西雅图时报公司,2006年)右图为一工人正在用煤炭烤架对线路板进行除焊。先用箱子里的石头撞击线路板除去焊料,而后用Pilers夹钳则可卸下芯片,然后再将芯片放入相应的桶子里。除去焊料和芯片后的线路板则被扔在一堆,以进行
10、露天焚烧。What is a Counterfeit Electronic Component? An Aerospace and Defense Equipment Manufacturers View那究竟何谓仿冒电子元件呢?以下为一航空及国防业专用电子设备厂商的观点: Counterfeiting often involves cases where parts are offered that present a risk both to the Government Equipment Manufacturer and to the Government user. Examples
11、 include 仿冒行为案例通常涉及到:所提供的元件或产品会给民用电子设备厂商和政府主体带来风险。这样的案例包括 Parts remarked to disguise parts differing from those offered by the original part manufacturer (e.g. original manufacturer, country of origin, specified performance) 用有标志的其他元件来伪装非原厂商提供的仿冒元件。(例如,伪装成原制造商,原产地,保证性能等) Defective parts scrapped by
12、the original part manufacture 被原元件制造商报废的有缺陷的那些元件 Previously used parts salvaged from scrapped assemblies 从报废组件中提取出来的先前使用过的元件 These are incidents that jeopardize the performance and reliability of electronics.这些行为事件已危及到电子产品的性能及可靠性。 Detection of Counterfeit Electronic Components仿冒电子元件检测It has become n
13、ecessary for all distributors of electronic components and manufacturers of electronic equipment to inspect all incoming electronic components for authenticity. This document has been derived from years of inspections at our facility and recent involvement in industry committees and symposiums relat
14、ed to the increase in counterfeit activity. Our goal with this document is to inform you how to detect counterfeit parts and be confident in your evaluation.对所有的电子元件经销商及电子设备制造商来说,检查采购近来的电子元件的真实性已成为必然,至关重要。基于本厂多年来的电子元件检测经验,以及近来就仿冒案例增加问题而开展的一系列专题讨论会,特此拟定本公告,旨在告诉大家如何检测出仿冒电子元件,在仿冒电子元件评估过程中树立信心。The count
15、erfeiting problem is most prevalent in mainland China. Although we do not purchase directly from that region we continue to receive counterfeit parts on a weekly basis. Often the counterfeits supplied to us are from long time good standing suppliers who are just not trained or prepared to detect cou
16、nterfeits.仿冒问题在中国大陆最为突出。尽管我们没有直接从中国大陆地区采购(电子元件),但是我们每周都会收到仿冒电子元件。通常情况下,该类仿冒电子元件都是来自那些与我们长期合作的且声誉良好的供应商,但是,这些供应商却不曾受训过,也不曾打算做好检测仿冒电子元件的准备。We will start with the necessary tools to detect counterfeit or non conformant electronic components. You will need all of the standard tools for handling electros
17、tatic sensitive parts. For the detection of counterfeits you will also need a microscope with at least 30X magnification. It is also important that you have a camera built into your microscope. Some of the processes of determining a counterfeit require you to send copies of photos to different resou
18、rces for their evaluation. In addition to a microscope you will need a solvent to check for part marking permanence. Acetone is a common chemical to determine if the part has been remarked, but a less harsh solvent is a combination of 3 parts mineral spirits and one part alcohol. This is the mixture
19、 that MIL-STD-883 (method 2015.13) requires part markings to withstand.在正式开始检测仿冒电子元件或不合格电子元件之前,我们要先介绍下检测过程中需要用到的工具。在处理静电敏感类元器件时,须使用所有标准工具。检测仿冒电子元件时,也要用到放大倍数至少为30倍的显微镜。另外,显微镜里应内设有照相机,这一点也很重要,因为检测仿冒电子元件的某些过程要求检测人员将相关照片发送至不同的资源团队,以便他们进行评估。除了显微镜之外,还需要相应的溶剂来检查元件标记的耐久性。丙酮是一种常见的化学溶剂,可用来决定元件是否被重新标记过,但是,另外一种
20、刺激性较弱的溶剂则是由溶剂油/松香水和酒精以3:1的比例混合而成。美国军用标准MIL-STD-883 (method 2015.13)要求电子元件标记必须能承受得住这种混合溶剂的擦洗。To begin inspecting incoming electronic components we start with a visual inspection of all of the packaging. Some of the signs to look for are:在说明如何检查采购回来的电子元件为仿冒元件之前,我们先了解如何目检电子元件的封装情况。以下为需要目检的项目: Misspelli
21、ngs on the manufacturers labels 检查厂商标签上是否出现拼写错误 Verification that the date code on the label match dates codes on the parts 验证标签上的生产日期代码是否与元件本体上的生产日期代码一致 Date codes that are not possible. ex. 0657 检查是否出现不可能的生产日期代码,例如,0657 Date codes that are in the future 检查生产日期代码是否是将来的日期 If parts are moisture sensi
22、tive they require a dry pack and a Humidity indicator card. Often the counterfeiters forget some piece of the moisture sensitive parts requirements. Part specific requirements can usually be found on the datasheet. 如果元件属于潮湿敏感性器件,包装时往往需要干燥混合料及湿度指示卡,而电子元件仿冒者往往会忽略了关于湿度敏感型元件的某些条款要求。若是正宗的电子元件,通常在数据资料表上都会
23、找到元件的具体条款要求。Examination of the Indents 模腔检查Most plastic integrated circuits have cavities purposefully made during the mold process. Some of them are pin one or other designations for use in part placement, but others are just part of the plastic mold process. Mold cavities should be clean, accordin
24、g to the manufacturers we have spoken to. Examining these indents is our number one way of detecting counterfeit components. The counterfeiters have a very difficult time keeping the indents clean and consistent during their refinishing process. The pictures to follow are examples of what we have re
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