《英语级详情》PPT课件.ppt

CET-4 Writing,Warming up,Q3 Do you like online shopping?Why or why not?,Q1 Due attention should be given to spelling?,Q2 How should parents help children to be independent?,Introduction of CET-4,Introduction of CET-4 Writing,Part Four Tips For Writing,Part One General Introduction to the Writing of CET-4,Part Two Paper Analysis,Part Three Writing Styles of CET-4,Part One General Introduction to the writing of CET-4,分值安排,评分标准,命题者及阅卷人心理分析,分值安排,自2005年6月考试起，四级新题型报道的总分数为710分，各单项分之和等于总分。四级考试作文部分（占总分的15%）单项成绩的计分满分为106分。字数要求为不低于120字。（110119 扣1分；100109 扣2分）（注：题目中给出的主题句，起始句，结束句均不得计入所写字数）（150200）（3段 1：2：1）,评分标准,满分为15分。(2、5、8、11、14)采用总体评分（global scoring）方法。,作文题目应具有时代性（2006.12 Spring Festival Gala on CCTV）作文题目应具有现实性（2003.9 The Day My Classmate Fell Ill(or Got Injured)）作文题目应具有普遍性（2005.6 In Honor of Teachers on the Occasion of Teachers Day）,命题者心理分析,Part Two Paper Analysis,三种常考体裁(),Part Two Paper Analysis,高频命题作文形式(),Part Three Writing Styles of CET-4,议论文,说明文,记叙文,议论文常见的结构是纵贯式，按提出问题、分析问题、解决问题的顺序来安排全文的结构。即三段式的结构：开头段（引论），主体段（本论），结尾段（结论）。（1）开头段：根据题目所规定的范围，提出全文的论点。（2）主体段：提出有力的论据展开并论证所提论点。（3）结尾段：总结全文，用不同的话重述论点。,议论文,A.对比观点题型B.阐述主题题型C.解决方法题型D.说明利弊题型,议论文类型,议论文类型对比观点题型,要求论述两个对立的观点并给出自己的看法。1、有一些人认为2、另一些人认为3、我的看法,第一段：提出论点，一般只写三句。第一句：When it comes to/when asked about 争论焦点，peoples opinions about it vary from person to person.第二句：Some people tend to 正方观点，which seems a common occurrence in our lives.第三句：Others hold the opinion that反方观点。,议论文类型对比观点题型,第二段1）主体段的开头部分，一般用三句来阐述正方观点：第一句：It is widely known for some time that a great many people consider 正方观点.第二句：One reason they illustrate is that 理由一第三句：The other reason they hold is that 理由二,议论文类型对比观点题型,第二段2）主体段的中间部分一般也用三句话来阐明反方观点：第一句：However,others may have a quite different view on this heated issue.第二句：They maintain such an idea because 理由一.第三句：They also proclaim（宣布）that理由二.,议论文类型对比观点题型,第二段3）主体段的结尾部分一般用四句话，分配如下：第一句：From what has been discussed above,it is obvious that each one has its own impartial(公平的)standpoint(立场，观点)。第二句：On one hand,进一步阐述正方观点.第三句：At the other end of the scale,阐述反方观点.第四句：Only in this way can we consider every aspect of the problem/question objectively.,议论文类型对比观点题型,第三段：结尾段须阐述我的观点，通常写三句。第一句：Through the above analysis,I approve of the latter/former opinion to some extent.第二句：Personally,it is true that the positive aspects/the latter overweighs(胜过)the negative ones/the former.第三句：We may(safely,reasonably)arrive at/draw the conclusion that 个人看法的总结、全文的结论,议论文类型对比观点题型,议论文类型对比观点题型,Sample,There is a widespread concern over the issue that _作文题目_.But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person.A majority of people think that 观点一.In their views there are two factors contributing to this attitude as follows:in the first place,原因一.Furthermore,in the second place,原因二.So it goes without saying that 观点一.People,however,differintheiropinionsonthismatter.Somepeoplehold the idea that 观点二.In their point of view,on the one hand，原因一.On the other hand,原因二.Therefore,thereis nodoubtthat 观点二.As far as I am concerned,Ifirmlysupporttheviewthat 观点一或观点二.Itis not only because _,but also because _.The more _,the more _.,Topic:Spring Festival Gala on CCTV 1）许多人喜欢在除夕夜观看春节联欢晚会 2）但有些人提出取消春节联欢晚会 3）我的看法,议论文类型阐述主题题型,要求从一句话或一个主题出发，按照提纲的要求进行论述。1、阐述名言或主题所蕴涵的意义。2、分析并举例使其更充实。,第一段：一般情况下引出主题内容，解释主题含义，可写四句。第一句：There is an old saying that主题.The truth is deep and profound(意义深远的).It is correct in many cases even today.第二句：You cannotuntil you That is to say,主题的含义.第三句：The more you learn it,the more you feel it helpful to your study and life.第四句：Accordingly/in accordance(因此),议论文类型阐述主题题型,第二段：通常举例解释主题含义，可写四句。第一句：Examples can be easily found to make a case(事例)for this proverb.第二句：Lets take 例子 for instance.第三句：进一步描述例子。第四句：Other justifiable/practical/sensible examples can also be found to prove this.,议论文类型阐述主题题型,第三段：总结主题的意义，可写两句。第一句：Whatever you do,please remember the saying主题.第二句：If you understand it and apply it to your study or work,youll definitely(明确地)benefit a lot from it.,议论文类型阐述主题题型,议论文类型阐述主题题型,Sample,The good old proverb _（名言或谚语）reminds us that _（释义）.Indeed,we can learn many things form it.First of all,_（理由一）.For example,_（举例说明）.Secondly,_（理由二）.Another case is that _（举例说明）.Furthermore,_（理由三）In my opinion,_（我的观点）.In short,whatever you do,please remember the saying_.If you understand it and apply it to your study or work,youll necessarily benefit a lot from it.,Topic:Topic:Practice Makes Perfect 1）怎样理解“熟能生巧”2）例如在英语学习中如何做到“熟能生巧”3）又如,议论文类型解决方法题型,要求考生列举出解决问题的多种途径。1、问题现状。2、怎样解决（解决方案的优缺点）。,第一段：列出问题，只写两句。第一句：With the rapid development of modern industry/society/economy,more and more people are concerned about the problem/phenomenon of 问题.第二句：How to solve the problem has become a hot issue among many people.,议论文类型解决方法题型,第二段：阐述理由，只写四句。第一句：It seems to me(=I think)that there are several reasons explaining问题.第二句：One of the main reasons is that理由一。第三句：Whats more,another major factor is that 理由二.第四句：Considering that/as a result 阐述导致的结果.,议论文类型解决方法题型,第三段：陈述解决方法，只写四句。第一句：People have figured out many effective measures to solve this problem.第二句：One of the ideal ways to solve 问题 is that 解决方法一.第三句：Another way is that 解决方法二.第四句：Confronted with the problem,we should take a series of measures to cope with the situation so that in this way we can successfully solve the problem.,议论文类型解决方法题型,议论文类型解决方法题型,Sample,In recent days,we have to face a problem,which is becoming more and more serious.First,_（说明问题的现状）Second,_（举例进一步说明现状）Confronted with _,we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation.For one thing,_（解决方法一）.For another _（解决方法二）.Finally,_（解决方法三）.Personally,I believe that _（我的解决方法）.Consequently(作为结果，因此),Im confident that a bright future is awaiting us because _（带来的好处）.,Topic:Cheating in Exams 1）学生作弊现象越来越严重 2）作弊的原因 3）如何杜绝作弊,议论文类型说明利弊题型,这种题型往往要求先说明一下现状，再对比事物本身的利弊，有时也会单从一个角度（或利弊）出发，最后往往要求考生表明自己的态度（或对事物前景提出预测）。1、说明事物现状。2、事物本身的优缺点（或一方面）。3、你对现状（或前景）的看法。,第一段：通常情况下提出A、B两方观点，可写四句。第一句：There is a heated debate over 争论观点that as far as it goes(就现状来说).第二句：However,peoples opinions are still divided on this point.第三句：Many people firmly assert(声称)that 观点A.第四句：On the contrary,others think/formulate in the mind/suppose that 观点B.,议论文类型说明利弊题型,第二段：可分别阐述A、B各观点的理由，可写四句。第一句：Those who hold/bear/maintain/grasp the first opinion suggest/propose/express that观点A的理由.第二句：They soundly argue/put forth reasons for that进一步阐述观点A的理由.第三句：However,others reflect/consider/weigh in the mind with thoroughness and care that观点B的理由.第四句：According to/in accordance to/in accordance with/in agreement with/in compliance with/in line with/in pursuance of the above analysis进一步阐述观点B的理由.,议论文类型说明利弊题型,第三段：通常阐述我的观点及理由，可写四句。第一句：Considering all these mentioned above,I prefer 我的选择A或B。第二句：In the first instance(首先),I choose it as more desirable/as having more value because选择理由一.第三句:Moreover,to compare favorably with(与相比较好)the former,I lean to it for the reason that 选择理由二.第四句：Judging from all the evidence available,I will choose个人选择 because this choice fits my personality and my life-long belief.,议论文类型说明利弊题型,议论文类型说明利弊题型,Sample,Nowadays many people prefer A because it has a significant role in our daily life.Generally,its advantages can be seen as follows.First _（的优点之一）.Besides _（的优点之二）.But every coin has two sides.The negative aspects are also apparent.One of the important disadvantages is that _（的第一个缺点）To make matters worse,_（的第二个缺点）Through the above analysis,I believe that the positive aspects overweigh the negative ones.Therefore,I would like to _（我的看法）（From the comparison between these positive and negative effects of A,we should take it reasonably and do it according to the circumstances we are in.Only by this way,_（对前景的预测）.,To Work or to Get Further Education After Graduation 1）大学毕业后有人选择工作 2）有人认为应当继续深造 3）我的看法,Make a choice of the following topics given to you according to the types of articles you have learnt,.,1.Topic:Is It Good to Enroll Athletic Students at lower Academic Standards?1）目前，很多学校会降分录取体育特长生；2）一些人赞成这种做法，但也有一些人反对这种做法；3）你怎样看待？,A.对比观点题型,B.阐述主题题型,C.解决方法题型,D.说明利弊题型,Make a choice of the following topics given to you according to the types of articles you have learnt,.,2.Topic:Computer in Our Life 1）计算机给人类生活带来了很多变化；2）计算机给我们的工作和学习带来了很多方便；3）计算机也带来了一些问题。,A.对比观点题型,B.阐述主题题型,C.解决方法题型,D.说明利弊题型,Make a choice of the following topics given to you according to the types of articles you have learnt,.,4.Topic:No pains,No Gains 1）为什么说“不劳而获”？2）举例说明,A.对比观点题型,B.阐述主题题型,C.解决方法题型,D.说明利弊题型,Make a choice of the following topics given to you according to the types of articles you have learnt,.,3.Topic:The Problems of Plastic Bags 1）塑料袋的使用在日常生活中十分普遍 2）塑料袋的过多使用会产生哪些不良后果 3）我们如何解决这个问题,A.对比观点题型,B.阐述主题题型,C.解决方法题型,D.说明利弊题型,实体事物说明文：主要包括说明书、广告、解说词和知识注释等。事理说明文：主要包括理论性概念解释、书刊或文章介绍、教材等。文艺性说明文：即把说明对象拟人化，通过故事和其他文艺形式进行介绍。,说明文,A.“How”说明文B.图表作文,说明文类型,说明文类型“How”说明文,Topic：How to Solve the Problem of Heavy Traffic 1）城市交通拥挤现象越加严重 2）问题如何解决 3）得出结论,第一段：开头段一般只写三句。第一句：Now the phenomenon/problem of 现象或问题has aroused great/wide concern in China.第二句：One of the most serious problems many people talk about/complain is 现象或问题一第三句：At the same time,they are more likely to get involved in 现象或问题二,说明文类型“How”说明文,第二段：通常只写四句。这是作文的主体段落，具体阐述解决问题的步骤和方法。第一句：To solve/deal with/cope with/handle/settle/do with the problem,there might be several measures/steps/procedures/process/methods/approaches for us to adopt/take.第二句：The first one is to 解决方案一第三句：Another solution is to 解决方案二第四句：Finally,it is clear/obvious/apparent/evident that 解决方案三,说明文类型“How”说明文,第三段：可以用三句来概括，是对文章的总结。第一句：In fact,we should adopt various ways to solve 具体问题第二句：Whats more,it is our duty to/we should具体做法第三句：Therefore,we can effectively solve the problem of 具体问题,说明文类型“How”说明文,说明文类型 图表作文,Topic:Study Abroad 1）根据下表，简要描述中国某城市出国留学 人数的变化情况 2）分析产生这些变化的原因 3）预测未来的趋势及可能带来的影响,第一段：简略地描述图表，并指出其发展的趋势（上升/下降）可以写三或四句。第一句：As demonstrated in the chart,the number of has increased/decreased sharply fromto 第二句：The chart shows that第三句：It is clear from the table that第四句：What contributes to these changes?,说明文类型 图表作文,第二段：通常写四句，分析并指出产生此趋势的根本原因。第一句：Several factors contribute to the sharp increase/decrease in the amount of第二句：To begin with第三句：In the second place第四句：Last but not least,说明文类型 图表作文,第三段：通常写四句，总结，可谈自己的理解和看法（也可不谈）。第一句：Consequently,第二句：With the trend continuing,however,some problems come out unavoidable.第三句：In addition第四句：In short,it is advisable that all relevant factors taken into account before,说明文类型 图表作文,记叙文,第一段：叙述时间、地点、人物、事件起因。It happened/took place/occurred that at about 数字 oclock,人物 was on the way to 地点.Just at the moment,事件的开端.It impressed me most because 事件的突出表现.What happened next was 事件的发展.第二段：具体描述事件发展的过程。At first,事件进展的一方面.Almost at the same time,事件进展的另一方面.Whats more,事件进展的第三方面.To come about as a consequence(结果)/as a result,时间的进展结果.第三段：总结个人对此事件的看法。As I understand,我的看法.On one hand,看法依据一.On the other hand,看法依据二.Last but not least,文章结论.,Part Four Tips for Writing,Three Principles for Good Writing vary input practice,Part Four Tips for Writing,写作对策：内容是否紧扣主题，涵盖提示要点作文结构层次是否清晰语言表达是否流畅，有无重大语病，有无逻辑错误是否能恰当的使用过渡性词语作文字数是否达到要求卷面是否整洁，书写是否漂亮,Some useful expressions for your writing,、开头Its well known to us that.Recently,.has been brought to popular attention/has become the focus of public concern.One of the universal issues we are faced with/that cause increasing concern is that.Peoples view/opinions/ideas on.vary from person to person.Some people think that.they hold this opinion because.However,others hold that.,Some useful expressions for your writing,2、主要论述方法According to.,but there is no evidence whatsoever to show.The example cited,while suggestive of these trends,is insufficient to warrant their truth because there is no reason to believe that the data drawn form.is representative of.As it stands,this argument suffers from three critical flaws.,Some useful expressions for your writing,3、结尾In my opinion,it is more advisable to do.than to do Taking into account all these factors,we may reasonably come to the conclusion that.It is time to take the advice of.and to put special emphasis on the improvement of.We should solve the problems that we are confronted/faced with It is high time that we put an end to.Otherwise,.,Assignment,Direction:For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic:Attend Your Classes Regularly.You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese.1、现在大学校园里，迟到、早退、旷课是常见的现象。2、保证学生的出勤率对大学教育的重要性。3、作为一个大学生应该怎样做。,