《否定用法小结》PPT课件.ppt
,否定的用法,一、not与no,not使句子或句子的一部分的语意变成否定。Her mother is a nurse,not a doctor.她妈妈是护士，不是医生。Im interested in physics,but not in chemistry.我对物理有兴趣，但对化学没兴趣。Who took my notebook?Not me.谁拿了我的笔记本？不是我。I got 80 percent on my test.Not bad我考80分。不错喔。no是形容词。no+名词not是副词，通常不直接放在名词前面。not a/any=noI have no money.=I dont have any money.我没有钱。There are not any apples on the tree.=There are no apples on the tree.树上没有苹果。He is not a fool.=He is no fool.他不是傻瓜。I wont tell anybody about the secret.=I will tell nobody about the secret.我不会把这个秘密告诉任何人。,二、either与too,I dont like carrot,and I dont like celery,either.我不喜欢红萝卜，也不喜欢芹菜。I seldom go to concerts.Me either.我很少去听音乐会。我也是。I have nothing to do with it.Me either.我跟那件事无关。我也是。,三、表示否定意思的前缀：un-,in-,im-,dis-,mis-等,un-unhappy(不快乐),unmarried(未婚的),uncomfortable(不舒服的)in-incorrect(不正确的),inconvenient(不方便的),incredible(难以置信的)im-impossible(不可能),immature(不成熟的),immortal(不朽的)dis-disagree(不同意),dishonesty(不诚实),disease(疾病)mis-mislead(误导),misfortune(不幸),misjudge(判断错误),四、否定代词的用法,neither表示对两者的否定，可以与介词of 连用；none 表示三者或三者以上没有一个，通常用how many/how much提问,一般有范围，可以构成none of；nothing表示什么都没有，指物，用what提问；nobody和no one表示没有人，用who 提问。如：She has taken a lot of medicines,but none(of them)has cured her disease.Tom is going abroad for study,but neither of his parents are in favor of his plan.-Who are you speaking to?-No one./Nobody.提示：Neither/nor+助动词+名词/代词,表示后者和前者一样不其相反的结构为so+助动词+名词/代词,表示后者和前者一样。如：I went to school by bike yesterday,so did my sister.He wont attend the meeting tomorrow,neither will Mr.White.,五、否定前移的用法,英语中的动词如think,believe,expect,guess,imagine,suppose等，如果带有否定的宾语从句，宾语从句中的否定词通常提前，用来否定主句的谓语动词。但是如果从句中的否定词不是not,而是never,hardly,seldom等时，则不适用于这个原则，如：I am sorry,but I dont think/suppose/believe I know you.He doesnt think his neighbor will help him if he is in trouble.I think Tom will never pass the exam because he doesnt work hard.否定前移时的反义句:当主语为第一人称I,we时，通常反问的是从句；而当主语不是第一人称时，则反问主句。如：I dont think Jim will pass the exam,will he?Tom doesnt believe that his parents will be in support of his plan,does he?,六、部分否定用法,含有如all,everybody,everything,always,both等用于否定句时，是部分否定，翻译成“不全是，不总是，并不是所有的都”等。如：Not all the teachers are in favor of this new book.=All the teachers are not in favor of this new book.,七、隐性否定词用法,指的是形式上看不到否定词，但含有一些特殊的词和词组来表示否定的意义。这种否定意义的用法隐藏在句子的深层含义中。含有否定意义的词汇和结构有：1.名词：absence,failure,lack,refusal,ignorance,negation,shortage等。2.形容词及形容词短语：few,little,absent from,short of,far from,free from,free of等。3.副词：never,seldom,rarely,hardly,scarcely等。4.介词：against,beyond,butexcept,without,instead of,but for等。5.动词和动词短语：fail,miss,stop/keep/preventfrom等。6.固定结构：tooto,anything but,would ratherthan,by no means,in no way,under no condition 等。.,八、否定词前置用法,否定意义的词放句首，引起部分倒装。如：Hardly/Scarcely had we arrived,when it began to rain.Not until yesterday did little John change his mind.By no means will this process be satisfactory.1.Not until he left his home _to know how important the family was for him.A.did he begin B.had he begun C.he began D.he has began2.-How was the televised debate last night?-Super!Rarely _ so much media attention.A.a debate attracted B.did a debate attract C.a debate did attract D.attracted a debate.,谢谢观看！,
