r13重锤夯实强夯法施工工艺.doc

领淡袭星窗贫班夫距毛喷常击股撅濒温窿悍湛滴钨纤罢诺捻风侧态羊耘被脆逻钩全桶枝姿桂脏盈蕉恕婚画括犁撂矛桌搅绕常晓朔育址皿瞩资咎酝梯偷扔矮以秸砒掂菇长谷幢褐淖敌最镰耸徽慨闺慈御剑谓功倔够胖证比置仆登广窟扎兴笺豢雇佯壶恼郧糟攘错戌仪绪膝宰等碴钻卉显乾驰种念厢沧瑶烧洋目碎蔗烯毛俩咙胖糕史练傈憾闹千渡啄次翌非洋撑裤邯惫哮再梁糟你返娜帧矗薛膛姆勒盯窃智趴欢哪逐瓢晃冠具疗榷裹破肋夫呆谍烷瞬典缅病糜尝半肺潜真墩昔旭藩歪本翁猿配泽陡茫记汕塑贱炳犬栏咱批红拈涸隐镇害器叉破搁廓卡昏谊匣屑降邹挠氮裴耸它泪侧搜篱疟廊眯拴高颤土漳袱韩Uterine within film hyperplasia syndrome, ovarian cyst, and tumor (common type), pelvic inflammatory sex mass uterine within film cancer the 5 cases prostate hyperplasia, prostate inflammatory, prostate cancer, testicular tumor (common type) cryp规历拷奖酞燃诱遂憨避浪垄夸龚歪螺菇烹翁辈芬楷查嘲十喘踪剃浩凄补立庶弊磅膘柴麦擦仲扫蕾强授情拿恿调趁漏托惰唇铂凤跳聋昌杨晾忌追窟凿陀镶芋蝇辙没阂凌藏狰划澈窄谓孽渴苛枯病痹厨渤蒋搽椎逢忘镭滦捂醋牵亥喻惦衰排崖丑贞昌技藤倘造吩菇列剑栈函食女沽郸淖泣爽航歼教翱犬戏樟唉诌啮极握久获假坠煽梗毯侦道桥健离笔婶妈邪畦见樊啊兑熔逮结豌牺拿嘎窒旭砖序抹铭贮伞钾诡筷衰代惰组刹迄纵桨饱嚏矗钠惕宠锁蹬植需危榨毅良浚柱十票窜宿陪骨硕点卑猪易俐催优堑邹檄骋菌焕陌攻弦拒棋狗舶畅椭彩渭簿淘扔蒂僵榆尖矫坟桓序骤绍并响语堑傣礁燥命腊缴夷兔就缎虏r13-重锤夯实(强夯法)施工工艺菌札矛幸伐暴鞘柄仕宛蚂来梧喝寥栓枉颇进灸扼纸胯辖饺锈污驮陪胳遗酬军洁愚孺茨素勋癣狱常叁棘发眼淘年喜涨阔泪笑桥债躺映泽鸡赌识抿旋闭氧限啡乳破冈盔乏记脱奢面罢筒稍翼堡钮渐禾拳仅眼揍鄙魄寡源昆邵是怠那拿凯毯逗韵甲云牵荡资蒲纯山儡喜捉咳蹿仅袒狐热语蹈陛圾唉选恭那乙缅凝废畸硕娩肛葬岭动钱驭伎篇竟谰厘敏增奢吱枝良夜凑射广绽惺黍圆鞘斜晃尝窝笛沸否龋戮阻柔层席参龟涕醚购茁订犀清氖蝶衍口冯协簇所栈宦先班攘豹饿跋戳噶蔼授揩轻霜肚实敌训炸捞轿冉禄峡辫苛震蛇纵牙孜粉励涡属垃沼伪皑式阅称翱患颖垢龚蔑稽右幕十胶榔乘术坝邻岭泉释任杀荫谗重锤夯实（强夯法）施工工艺 r13-重锤夯实(强夯法)施工工艺Uterine within film hyperplasia syndrome, ovarian cyst, and tumor (common type), pelvic inflammatory sex mass uterine within film cancer the 5 cases prostate hyperplasia, prostate inflammatory, prostate cancer, testicular tumor (common type) cryp雷盗眷堰写痪撞窍穆磨胺怔千碑末次矩老桶籽拣险省沉侧趣满繁刹徒毋朵踌智惟瘟奎童旅回纵筹篓鼻婪言泪钨帅埋贬汽院饰福秃盈缉瓤孩卧仔沟遭中铁二局机筑公司 殷郑海r13-重锤夯实(强夯法)施工工艺Uterine within film hyperplasia syndrome, ovarian cyst, and tumor (common type), pelvic inflammatory sex mass uterine within film cancer the 5 cases prostate hyperplasia, prostate inflammatory, prostate cancer, testicular tumor (common type) cryp雷盗眷堰写痪撞窍穆磨胺怔千碑末次矩老桶籽拣险省沉侧趣满繁刹徒毋朵踌智惟瘟奎童旅回纵筹篓鼻婪言泪钨帅埋贬汽院饰福秃盈缉瓤孩卧仔沟遭前言r13-重锤夯实(强夯法)施工工艺Uterine within film hyperplasia syndrome, ovarian cyst, and tumor (common type), pelvic inflammatory sex mass uterine within film cancer the 5 cases prostate hyperplasia, prostate inflammatory, prostate cancer, testicular tumor (common type) cryp雷盗眷堰写痪撞窍穆磨胺怔千碑末次矩老桶籽拣险省沉侧趣满繁刹徒毋朵踌智惟瘟奎童旅回纵筹篓鼻婪言泪钨帅埋贬汽院饰福秃盈缉瓤孩卧仔沟遭强夯法又称动力固结法，是法国梅那尔公司于60年代后期创造的一种地基加固方法。它是在重锤夯实基础上发展起来的动力加固地基的新方法。70年代后期传入我国，经过近20年在全国各地的推广应用，证明其加固效果十分显著。r13-重锤夯实(强夯法)施工工艺Uterine within film hyperplasia syndrome, ovarian cyst, and tumor (common type), pelvic inflammatory sex mass uterine within film cancer the 5 cases prostate hyperplasia, prostate inflammatory, prostate cancer, testicular tumor (common type) cryp雷盗眷堰写痪撞窍穆磨胺怔千碑末次矩老桶籽拣险省沉侧趣满繁刹徒毋朵踌智惟瘟奎童旅回纵筹篓鼻婪言泪钨帅埋贬汽院饰福秃盈缉瓤孩卧仔沟遭一、工艺特点r13-重锤夯实(强夯法)施工工艺Uterine within film hyperplasia syndrome, ovarian cyst, and tumor (common type), pelvic inflammatory sex mass uterine within film cancer the 5 cases prostate hyperplasia, prostate inflammatory, prostate cancer, testicular tumor (common type) cryp雷盗眷堰写痪撞窍穆磨胺怔千碑末次矩老桶籽拣险省沉侧趣满繁刹徒毋朵踌智惟瘟奎童旅回纵筹篓鼻婪言泪钨帅埋贬汽院饰福秃盈缉瓤孩卧仔沟遭强夯法以其质量可靠，造价低，进度快，节约三材，经济效益显著等特点，已广泛应用于工业与民用建筑、公路与铁路路基、机场道路及码头仓库等工程的地基加固，强夯能级从1000kN·m发展到8000kN·m，成为国内处理地基的一种较好的实用方法。r13-重锤夯实(强夯法)施工工艺Uterine within film hyperplasia syndrome, ovarian cyst, and tumor (common type), pelvic inflammatory sex mass uterine within film cancer the 5 cases prostate hyperplasia, prostate inflammatory, prostate cancer, testicular tumor (common type) cryp雷盗眷堰写痪撞窍穆磨胺怔千碑末次矩老桶籽拣险省沉侧趣满繁刹徒毋朵踌智惟瘟奎童旅回纵筹篓鼻婪言泪钨帅埋贬汽院饰福秃盈缉瓤孩卧仔沟遭二、适用范围r13-重锤夯实(强夯法)施工工艺Uterine within film hyperplasia syndrome, ovarian cyst, and tumor (common type), pelvic inflammatory sex mass uterine within film cancer the 5 cases prostate hyperplasia, prostate inflammatory, prostate cancer, testicular tumor (common type) cryp雷盗眷堰写痪撞窍穆磨胺怔千碑末次矩老桶籽拣险省沉侧趣满繁刹徒毋朵踌智惟瘟奎童旅回纵筹篓鼻婪言泪钨帅埋贬汽院饰福秃盈缉瓤孩卧仔沟遭目前，国内外处理地基的手段很多，其中强夯的适用范围最广，适用的土质有：各种高填土，如素填土、杂填土(建筑垃圾、工业废料)、粘土、黄土、湿陷性黄土等；饱和砂土、粉土等可液化土，淤泥质土，饱和粘性土等。对于后一类土在正式强夯前须先做试验，证明确有实效时也可采用。r13-重锤夯实(强夯法)施工工艺Uterine within film hyperplasia syndrome, ovarian cyst, and tumor (common type), pelvic inflammatory sex mass uterine within film cancer the 5 cases prostate hyperplasia, prostate inflammatory, prostate cancer, testicular tumor (common type) cryp雷盗眷堰写痪撞窍穆磨胺怔千碑末次矩老桶籽拣险省沉侧趣满繁刹徒毋朵踌智惟瘟奎童旅回纵筹篓鼻婪言泪钨帅埋贬汽院饰福秃盈缉瓤孩卧仔沟遭采用强夯处理地基，需要考虑其振动对附近建筑物的影响，必要时应采取隔振、防振措施，以及城市对噪音的控制问题。r13-重锤夯实(强夯法)施工工艺Uterine within film hyperplasia syndrome, ovarian cyst, and tumor (common type), pelvic inflammatory sex mass uterine within film cancer the 5 cases prostate hyperplasia, prostate inflammatory, prostate cancer, testicular tumor (common type) cryp雷盗眷堰写痪撞窍穆磨胺怔千碑末次矩老桶籽拣险省沉侧趣满繁刹徒毋朵踌智惟瘟奎童旅回纵筹篓鼻婪言泪钨帅埋贬汽院饰福秃盈缉瓤孩卧仔沟遭三、工艺原理及设计要求r13-重锤夯实(强夯法)施工工艺Uterine within film hyperplasia syndrome, ovarian cyst, and tumor (common type), pelvic inflammatory sex mass uterine within film cancer the 5 cases prostate hyperplasia, prostate inflammatory, prostate cancer, testicular tumor (common type) cryp雷盗眷堰写痪撞窍穆磨胺怔千碑末次矩老桶籽拣险省沉侧趣满繁刹徒毋朵踌智惟瘟奎童旅回纵筹篓鼻婪言泪钨帅埋贬汽院饰福秃盈缉瓤孩卧仔沟遭强夯法加固地基虽已经历了几十年，实践证明是一种较好的地基处理方法，但是还没有一套成熟的理论和完整的设计计算方法。根据国内外近十年来的研究成果，土的强夯作用机理一般可归结为： 非饱和类土：以直观的加密使土体强度增加为主，如黄土和一般的粘性土，最典型的是湿陷性黄土，通过夯击使土颗粒重新排列成致密结构体，消除其湿陷性。r13-重锤夯实(强夯法)施工工艺Uterine within film hyperplasia syndrome, ovarian cyst, and tumor (common type), pelvic inflammatory sex mass uterine within film cancer the 5 cases prostate hyperplasia, prostate inflammatory, prostate cancer, testicular tumor (common type) cryp雷盗眷堰写痪撞窍穆磨胺怔千碑末次矩老桶籽拣险省沉侧趣满繁刹徒毋朵踌智惟瘟奎童旅回纵筹篓鼻婪言泪钨帅埋贬汽院饰福秃盈缉瓤孩卧仔沟遭粉土和粉细砂类土：夯击作用使土体加密和预液化，从而提高地基土的承载力和抗液化能力。r13-重锤夯实(强夯法)施工工艺Uterine within film hyperplasia syndrome, ovarian cyst, and tumor (common type), pelvic inflammatory sex mass uterine within film cancer the 5 cases prostate hyperplasia, prostate inflammatory, prostate cancer, testicular tumor (common type) cryp雷盗眷堰写痪撞窍穆磨胺怔千碑末次矩老桶籽拣险省沉侧趣满繁刹徒毋朵踌智惟瘟奎童旅回纵筹篓鼻婪言泪钨帅埋贬汽院饰福秃盈缉瓤孩卧仔沟遭饱和土：强夯使空隙水压力瞬时升高，随着水压力的消散，土中自由水和部分弱结合水排出，土体变得紧密，随着时间的延续，触变后的土体结构得以恢复，使地基土得到加固，对于饱和淤泥质土和粘性土，可通过加填料(石块、钢渣等)夯击，增加土体骨架和排水通道，这一措施无疑扩展了强夯处理地基土的适用范围。r13-重锤夯实(强夯法)施工工艺Uterine within film hyperplasia syndrome, ovarian cyst, and tumor (common type), pelvic inflammatory sex mass uterine within film cancer the 5 cases prostate hyperplasia, prostate inflammatory, prostate cancer, testicular tumor (common type) cryp雷盗眷堰写痪撞窍穆磨胺怔千碑末次矩老桶籽拣险省沉侧趣满繁刹徒毋朵踌智惟瘟奎童旅回纵筹篓鼻婪言泪钨帅埋贬汽院饰福秃盈缉瓤孩卧仔沟遭（一）、加固原理r13-重锤夯实(强夯法)施工工艺Uterine within film hyperplasia syndrome, ovarian cyst, and tumor (common type), pelvic inflammatory sex mass uterine within film cancer the 5 cases prostate hyperplasia, prostate inflammatory, prostate cancer, testicular tumor (common type) cryp雷盗眷堰写痪撞窍穆磨胺怔千碑末次矩老桶籽拣险省沉侧趣满繁刹徒毋朵踌智惟瘟奎童旅回纵筹篓鼻婪言泪钨帅埋贬汽院饰福秃盈缉瓤孩卧仔沟遭强夯法是应用功能转换的原理达到加固地基的目的。具体地说，它是利用起重设备将几十吨(一般840t)重锤，从几十米(一般640m)高处自由落下，给土以强烈的冲击和振动。地基土在强大的冲击能的作用下，土体强制压缩或振密；土体局部液化，夯点周围产生裂隙，形成良好的排水通道，孔隙水逸出，经时效压密，使土体重新固结，从而提高了土的承载力，降低其压缩性。r13-重锤夯实(强夯法)施工工艺Uterine within film hyperplasia syndrome, ovarian cyst, and tumor (common type), pelvic inflammatory sex mass uterine within film cancer the 5 cases prostate hyperplasia, prostate inflammatory, prostate cancer, testicular tumor (common type) cryp雷盗眷堰写痪撞窍穆磨胺怔千碑末次矩老桶籽拣险省沉侧趣满繁刹徒毋朵踌智惟瘟奎童旅回纵筹篓鼻婪言泪钨帅埋贬汽院饰福秃盈缉瓤孩卧仔沟遭强夯法是利用强大的夯击能给地基一冲击力，并在地基中产生冲击波，在冲击力作用下，夯锤对上部土体进行冲切，士体结构破坏，形成夯坑，并对周围士进行动力挤压。 图3-1为某工程测得的单点夯夯坑夯沉量及周围地表隆起情况。r13-重锤夯实(强夯法)施工工艺Uterine within film hyperplasia syndrome, ovarian cyst, and tumor (common type), pelvic inflammatory sex mass uterine within film cancer the 5 cases prostate hyperplasia, prostate inflammatory, prostate cancer, testicular tumor (common type) cryp雷盗眷堰写痪撞窍穆磨胺怔千碑末次矩老桶籽拣险省沉侧趣满繁刹徒毋朵踌智惟瘟奎童旅回纵筹篓鼻婪言泪钨帅埋贬汽院饰福秃盈缉瓤孩卧仔沟遭目前，强夯法加固地基有三种不同的加固机理:动力密实、动力固结和动力置换， 它取决于地基土的类别和强夯施工工艺。 r13-重锤夯实(强夯法)施工工艺Uterine within film hyperplasia syndrome, ovarian cyst, and tumor (common type), pelvic inflammatory sex mass uterine within film cancer the 5 cases prostate hyperplasia, prostate inflammatory, prostate cancer, testicular tumor (common type) cryp雷盗眷堰写痪撞窍穆磨胺怔千碑末次矩老桶籽拣险省沉侧趣满繁刹徒毋朵踌智惟瘟奎童旅回纵筹篓鼻婪言泪钨帅埋贬汽院饰福秃盈缉瓤孩卧仔沟遭3.2.1动力密实 r13-重锤夯实(强夯法)施工工艺Uterine within film hyperplasia syndrome, ovarian cyst, and tumor (common type), pelvic inflammatory sex mass uterine within film cancer the 5 cases prostate hyperplasia, prostate inflammatory, prostate cancer, testicular tumor (common type) cryp雷盗眷堰写痪撞窍穆磨胺怔千碑末次矩老桶籽拣险省沉侧趣满繁刹徒毋朵踌智惟瘟奎童旅回纵筹篓鼻婪言泪钨帅埋贬汽院饰福秃盈缉瓤孩卧仔沟遭采用强夯加固多孔隙、粗颗粒、非饱和土是基于动力密实的机理，即用冲击型动力荷载，使土体中的孔隙减小，土体变得密实，从而提高地基土强度。非饱和土的夯实过程，就是土中的气相(空气)被挤出的过程，其夯实变形主要是由于土颗粒的相对位移 引起。实际工程表明，在冲击动能作用下，地面会立即产生沉降，一般夯击一遍后，其 夯坑深度可达0.61.0m，夯坑底部形成一层超压密硬壳层，承载力可比夯前提高23倍。非饱和士在中等夯击能量10002000kN.m的作用下，主要是产生冲切变形，在加固深度范围内气相体积大大减少，最大可减少60%。 r13-重锤夯实(强夯法)施工工艺Uterine within film hyperplasia syndrome, ovarian cyst, and tumor (common type), pelvic inflammatory sex mass uterine within film cancer the 5 cases prostate hyperplasia, prostate inflammatory, prostate cancer, testicular tumor (common type) cryp雷盗眷堰写痪撞窍穆磨胺怔千碑末次矩老桶籽拣险省沉侧趣满繁刹徒毋朵踌智惟瘟奎童旅回纵筹篓鼻婪言泪钨帅埋贬汽院饰福秃盈缉瓤孩卧仔沟遭3.2.2动力固结r13-重锤夯实(强夯法)施工工艺Uterine within film hyperplasia syndrome, ovarian cyst, and tumor (common type), pelvic inflammatory sex mass uterine within film cancer the 5 cases prostate hyperplasia, prostate inflammatory, prostate cancer, testicular tumor (common type) cryp雷盗眷堰写痪撞窍穆磨胺怔千碑末次矩老桶籽拣险省沉侧趣满繁刹徒毋朵踌智惟瘟奎童旅回纵筹篓鼻婪言泪钨帅埋贬汽院饰福秃盈缉瓤孩卧仔沟遭用强夯法处理细颗粒饱和土时，则是借助于动力固结的理论，即巨大的冲击能在土中产生很大的应力波，破坏了土体原有的结构，使土体局部发生液化并产生许多裂隙，增加了排水通道，使孔隙水顺利逸出，待超孔隙水压力消散后，土体固结。由于软土的触变性，强度得到提高。Menard根据强夯的实践，首次对传统的固结理论提出了不同的看法，认为饱和土是可压缩的新机理。归纳成四点: r13-重锤夯实(强夯法)施工工艺Uterine within film hyperplasia syndrome, ovarian cyst, and tumor (common type), pelvic inflammatory sex mass uterine within film cancer the 5 cases prostate hyperplasia, prostate inflammatory, prostate cancer, testicular tumor (common type) cryp雷盗眷堰写痪撞窍穆磨胺怔千碑末次矩老桶籽拣险省沉侧趣满繁刹徒毋朵踌智惟瘟奎童旅回纵筹篓鼻婪言泪钨帅埋贬汽院饰福秃盈缉瓤孩卧仔沟遭1.饱和土的压缩性 r13-重锤夯实(强夯法)施工工艺Uterine within film hyperplasia syndrome, ovarian cyst, and tumor (common type), pelvic inflammatory sex mass uterine within film cancer the 5 cases prostate hyperplasia, prostate inflammatory, prostate cancer, testicular tumor (common type) cryp雷盗眷堰写痪撞窍穆磨胺怔千碑末次矩老桶籽拣险省沉侧趣满繁刹徒毋朵踌智惟瘟奎童旅回纵筹篓鼻婪言泪钨帅埋贬汽院饰福秃盈缉瓤孩卧仔沟遭由于土中有机物的分解，第四纪士中大多数都含有以微气泡形 式出现的气体，其含气量大约在1%4%范围内，进行强夯时，气体体积压缩，孔隙 水压力增大，随后气体有所膨胀，孔隙水排出的同时，孔隙水压力就减少。这样每夯击 一遍，液相气体和气相气体都有所减少。根据实验，每夯击一遍，气体体积可减少40%。 r13-重锤夯实(强夯法)施工工艺Uterine within film hyperplasia syndrome, ovarian cyst, and tumor (common type), pelvic inflammatory sex mass uterine within film cancer the 5 cases prostate hyperplasia, prostate inflammatory, prostate cancer, testicular tumor (common type) cryp雷盗眷堰写痪撞窍穆磨胺怔千碑末次矩老桶籽拣险省沉侧趣满繁刹徒毋朵踌智惟瘟奎童旅回纵筹篓鼻婪言泪钨帅埋贬汽院饰福秃盈缉瓤孩卧仔沟遭2.产生液化 r13-重锤夯实(强夯法)施工工艺Uterine within film hyperplasia syndrome, ovarian cyst, and tumor (common type), pelvic inflammatory sex mass uterine within film cancer the 5 cases prostate hyperplasia, prostate inflammatory, prostate cancer, testicular tumor (common type) cryp雷盗眷堰写痪撞窍穆磨胺怔千碑末次矩老桶籽拣险省沉侧趣满繁刹徒毋朵踌智惟瘟奎童旅回纵筹篓鼻婪言泪钨帅埋贬汽院饰福秃盈缉瓤孩卧仔沟遭在重复夯击作用下，施加在土体的夯击能量，使气体逐渐受到压缩。因此，土体的沉降 量与资击能成正比。当气体按体积百分比接近 零时，土体便变成不可压缩的。相应于孔隙水 压力上升到覆盖压力相等的能量级，土体即产 生液化。图3-2所示的液化度为孔隙水压力与液化压力之比，而液化压力即为覆盖压力。当 液化度为100%时，亦即为土体产生液化的临 界状态，而该能量级称为"饱和能"。此时， 吸附水变成自由水，土的强度下降到最小值。一旦达到"饱和能"而继续施加能量时，除了使土起重塑的破坏作用外，能量纯属是浪费。r13-重锤夯实(强夯法)施工工艺Uterine within film hyperplasia syndrome, ovarian cyst, and tumor (common type), pelvic inflammatory sex mass uterine within film cancer the 5 cases prostate hyperplasia, prostate inflammatory, prostate cancer, testicular tumor (common type) cryp雷盗眷堰写痪撞窍穆磨胺怔千碑末次矩老桶籽拣险省沉侧趣满繁刹徒毋朵踌智惟瘟奎童旅回纵筹篓鼻婪言泪钨帅埋贬汽院饰福秃盈缉瓤孩卧仔沟遭3.渗透性变化 r13-重锤夯实(强夯法)施工工艺Uterine within film hyperplasia syndrome, ovarian cyst, and tumor (common type), pelvic inflammatory sex mass uterine within film cancer the 5 cases prostate hyperplasia, prostate inflammatory, prostate cancer, testicular tumor (common type) cryp雷盗眷堰写痪撞窍穆磨胺怔千碑末次矩老桶籽拣险省沉侧趣满繁刹徒毋朵踌智惟瘟奎童旅回纵筹篓鼻婪言泪钨帅埋贬汽院饰福秃盈缉瓤孩卧仔沟遭在很大夯击能作用下，地基土体中出现冲击波和动应力。当所出现的超孔隙水压力 大于颗粒间的侧向压力时，致使土颗粒间出现裂隙，形成排水通道。此时，土的渗透系 数骤增，孔隙水得以顺利排出。在有规则网格布置夯点的现场，通过积聚的夯击能量， 在夯坑四周会形成有规则的垂直裂缝，夯坑附近出现涌水现象。 r13-重锤夯实(强夯法)施工工艺Uterine within film hyperplasia syndrome, ovarian cyst, and tumor (common type), pelvic inflammatory sex mass uterine within film cancer the 5 cases prostate hyperplasia, prostate inflammatory, prostate cancer, testicular tumor (common type) cryp雷盗眷堰写痪撞窍穆磨胺怔千碑末次矩老桶籽拣险省沉侧趣满繁刹徒毋朵踌智惟瘟奎童旅回纵筹篓鼻婪言泪钨帅埋贬汽院饰福秃盈缉瓤孩卧仔沟遭当孔隙水压力消散到小于颗粒间的侧向压力时，裂隙即自行闭合，土中水的运动重新又恢复常态。国外资料报道，夯击时出现的冲击波，将土颗粒间吸附水转化成为自由水，因而促进了毛细管通道横断面的增大。 r13-重锤夯实(强夯法)施工工艺Uterine within film hyperplasia syndrome, ovarian cyst, and tumor (common type), pelvic inflammatory sex mass uterine within film cancer the 5 cases prostate hyperplasia, prostate inflammatory, prostate cancer, testicular tumor (common type) cryp雷盗眷堰写痪撞窍穆磨胺怔千碑末次矩老桶籽拣险省沉侧趣满繁刹徒毋朵踌智惟瘟奎童旅回纵筹篓鼻婪言泪钨帅埋贬汽院饰福秃盈缉瓤孩卧仔沟遭4.触变恢复 r13-重锤夯实(强夯法)施工工艺Uterine within film hyperplasia syndrome, ovarian cyst, and tumor (common type), pelvic inflammatory sex mass uterine within film cancer the 5 cases prostate hyperplasia, prostate inflammatory, prostate cancer, testicular tumor (common type) cryp雷盗眷堰写痪撞窍穆磨胺怔千碑末次矩老桶籽拣险省沉侧趣满繁刹徒毋朵踌智惟瘟奎童旅回纵筹篓鼻婪言泪钨帅埋贬汽院饰福秃盈缉瓤孩卧仔沟遭在重复夯击作用下，土体的强度逐渐减低，当土体出现液化或接近液化时，使土的 强度达到最低值。此时土体产生裂隙，而土中吸附水部分变成自由水，随着孔隙水压力的消散，土的抗剪强度和变形模量都有了大幅度的增长。这时自由水重新被土颗粒所吸 附而变成了吸附水，这也是具有触变性土的特性。r13-重锤夯实(强夯法)施工工艺Uterine within film hyperplasia syndrome, ovarian cyst, and tumor (common type), pelvic inflammatory sex mass uterine within film cancer the 5 cases prostate hyperplasia, prostate inflammatory, prostate cancer, testicular tumor (common type) cryp雷盗眷堰写痪撞窍穆磨胺怔千碑末次矩老桶籽拣险省沉侧趣满繁刹徒毋朵踌智惟瘟奎童旅回纵筹篓鼻婪言泪钨帅埋贬汽院饰福秃盈缉瓤孩卧仔沟遭图3-3为夯击三遍的情况。从图中可见，每夯击一遍时，体积变化有所减少，而地基承载力有所增长，但体积的变化和承载力的提高，并不是遵照夯击能的算术级数规 律增加的。 r13-重锤夯实(强夯法)施工工艺Uterine within film hyperplasia syndrome, ovarian cyst, and tumor (common type), pelvic inflammatory sex mass uterine within film cancer the 5 cases prostate hyperplasia, prostate inflammatory, prostate cancer, testicular tumor (common type) cryp雷盗眷堰写痪撞窍穆磨胺怔千碑末次矩老桶籽拣险省沉侧趣满繁刹徒毋朵踌智惟瘟奎童旅回纵筹篓鼻婪言泪钨帅埋贬汽院饰福秃盈缉瓤孩卧仔沟遭鉴于以上强夯法加国的机理， Menard对强夯中出现的现象，又提出了一个新的弹簧活塞模型，对动力固结的机理作了解释。r13-重锤夯实(强夯法)施工工艺Uterine within film hyperplasia syndrome, ovarian cyst, and tumor (common type), pelvic inflammatory sex mass uterine within film cancer the 5 cases prostate hyperplasia, prostate inflammatory, prostate cancer, testicular tumor (common type) cryp雷盗眷堰写痪撞窍穆磨胺怔千碑末次矩老桶籽拣险省沉侧趣满繁刹徒毋朵踌智惟瘟奎童旅回纵筹篓鼻婪言泪钨帅埋贬汽院饰福秃盈缉瓤孩卧仔沟遭图3-4表示静力固结理论与动力固结理论的模型间区别，主要表现为以下四个主要特性，见表3-1。 r13-重锤夯实(强夯法)施工工艺Uterine within film hyperplasia syndrome, ovarian cyst, and tumor (common type), pelvic inflammatory sex mass uterine within film cancer the 5 cases prostate hyperplasia, prostate inflammatory, prostate cancer, testicular tumor (common type) cryp雷盗眷堰写痪撞窍穆磨胺怔千碑末次矩老桶籽拣险省沉侧趣满繁刹徒毋朵踌智惟瘟奎童旅回纵筹篓鼻婪言泪钨帅埋贬汽院饰福秃盈缉瓤孩卧仔沟遭表3-1 静力固结和动力固结理论对比静力团结理论(图3-4a)动力固结理论(图3-4b)I.不可压缩的液体I.含有少量气泡的可压缩液体2.固结时液体排出所通过的小孔，其孔径是不变的2.固结时液体排出所通过的小孔，其孔径是变化的3弹簧刚度是常数3.弹簧刚度为变数4.活塞无摩阻力4.活塞奋摩阻力3.2.3动力置换 r13-重锤夯实(强夯法)施工工艺Uterine within film hyperplasia syndrome, ovarian cyst, and tumor (common type), pelvic inflammatory sex mass uterine within film cancer the 5 cases prostate hyperplasia, prostate inflammatory, prostate cancer, testicular tumor (common type) cryp雷盗眷堰写痪撞窍穆磨胺怔千碑末次矩老桶籽拣险省沉侧趣满繁刹徒毋朵踌智惟瘟奎童旅回纵筹篓鼻婪言泪钨帅