主谓一致专题复习.ppt

1.balanced 2.strengths 3.theory4.represents 5.directed II.1.belief 2.patience 3.physicists4.impressive 5.terrified 6.considerate7.convincing 8.failure III.1.chatting 2.gathering 3.overcome 4.to confirm 5.permitting 6.to expand 7.apologized 8.to preserve,1.(1)set down(2)set off(3)set about(4)was set up 2.(1)in memory of(2)in the distance(3)in time(4)in advance 3.(1)cheered up(2)turn up(3)pick;up(4)dressed;up(5)was brought upII.1.back 2.for 3.out 4.to 5.by 6.off III.1.get away with 2.played a trick on3.On the contrary 4.caught sight of 5.watch out for 6.earned her living,1.What 2.whether 3.when4.where 5.Whoever II.1.Traveling 2.surprising 3.carrying 4.Knowing 5.was6.rush 7.is 8.friendly 9.impatient 10.developmentIII.1.must 2.neednt 3.mustnt4.should 5.cantIV.1.howeverwhatever 2.havehas3.gavegiving 4.powerfullypowerful 5.mustnt cant/couldnt,1.will come/is coming 2.has doubled3.are 4.are 5.was 6.being taken 7.to tell 8.cutting/to be cut 9.wasting10.to choose 11.is12.was 13.are 14.is 1.areis 2.areis 3.achieveachieving 4.surprisedsurprising 5.satisfyingsatisfied,V.1.Learning English well is very important.2.The girl singing on the stage now is our monitor.3.I heard Alice answering a phone in her office.4.Feeling very tired,Peter left the company earlier than usual.5.After discussing/Having discussed with him about the best place for a holiday,I decided to go to Tibet.VI.1.smallest 2.are invited 3.to 4.to share 5.that 6.visiting 7.probably 8.go 9.differences 10.while,1.expanding 2.reduce 3.overcoming 4.sliding 5.representing 6.approaches 7.swinging 8.preserved II.1.achievements 2.argument 3.consideration 4.attractions 5.admission 6.hunger 7.freedom 8.discovery 9.length 10.Unfortunately11.homeless 12.convincing 13.explanation 14.curiously 15.truly,1.disturbing 2.astonishing3.worthwhile 4.various 5.considerate 6.sunburnt 7.particular 8.outstanding 词组巩固I.1.by chance 2.in advance 3.have focused on 4.lead to 5.came across 6.badly off 7.was cut off 8.Thanks to 9.picked out 10.moved off,1-5CBABC6-10BBACB11-15ADAAB16-20DBBDA21-25CBCBD1.have;is。表示时间、金钱、距离、重量的复数名词表示单位数量用作主语时，通常看作整体，谓语动词用单数形式（第二空）;若强调数目，谓语动词用复数形式（第一空）。2.Is不定代词anyone,anybody,anything,everyone,everybody,everything,someone,somebody,something,nobody,nothing等作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。,3.is;are。集体名词family,class等作主语时，如果强调整体（第一空），谓语动词用单数形式；如果强调个体（第二空），则用复数形式。4.are。5.is。某些名词以-s结尾，表面看是复数形式，实际上是单数概念，如physics,news等，它们作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。6.is。当主语是不定式短语，-ing形式短语或主语从句时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。,7.is。一个单数名词同时被两个不同的形容词修饰，若表示的是同一概念，谓语动词一般用单数。该句意为“最后一课十四课是最难的一课。”8.am。9.has。两个名词或代词由and连接作主语时，当and不表示并列意义，而连接两个在意义上表示同一人、物或概念或由两个部件配成的物品时，谓语动词用单数。10.was。主语后面接说明主语的修饰语，如用with，along with，as wellas,like,rather than,but,except,besides,including等与修饰语连接，谓语动词不受修饰成分的影响，仍保持同主语一致的关系。,语法详解：所谓主谓一致是指主语和谓语动词之间,即主语的人称和单复数形式决定着谓语动词对应的形式。,Grammar,主谓一致主要有以下几种情况：,语法一致原则,就近原则,意义一致原则,1.and连接两个或两个以上单数名词或者代词作主语的时候,语法一致原则,The boy _ diving.,They _ diving.,Jack and Tim _ diving.,is,are,are,Finish the following exercises:,a singer and dancer,The singer and dancer _ on the stage.,is,A knife and fork _ used to have meals.,is,every.and every.;each.and each.;no.and no.在以上短语中and连接的单数名词,整个短语 在句中作主语时,谓语动词常使用单数。Each man and each woman is asked to attend the meeting.,Every boy and every girl in the class is diligent.班级中的每个男孩女孩都很用功。No sound and no voice is heard.听不到任何声音。,2.如果主语是不定式,动词ing形式或 主语从句的时候,谓语动词用单数。What he is doing seems very important.Collecting stamps is his hobby.To see is to believe.,3.定语从句的关系代词who,which,that在从句中作主语时，要与先行词的人称和数保持一致。Those who enjoy singing may join us.Tom,who is your friend,should help you.,A All but one _(be)here just now.A library with five thousand books _(be)offered to the nation as a gift.A peasant together with some soldiers _(be)about to help us.,withalong withtogether withbesidesbutexceptincludingas well asrather than 谓语动词与第一个主语A 保持一致,B,were,is,is,就近原则,Bob,Bob _ a worker.,is,Mike,Mike and Bob _ workers.,are,Both Mike and Bob _ workers.,are,Neither Mike nor Bob _ a teacher.,is,A or B Not A but B Either A or B Neither A nor B Not only A but also B,Verb,Here There,+Verb,A and B,A,B and C,Not only you but also he _ wrong.(is/are),Neither you nor he _ right.(is/are),There _ two shops and a cinema beside the railway station.(is/are),Here _ a map and a handbook for you.(is/are),is,is,are,is,_,概念一致原则,所谓概念一致原则是指谓语动词和主语一致不是取决于主语的语法形式,而是其实际意义。有的主语名词在形式上是单数,但在意义上却是复数；有的主语名词在形式上是复数,但在意义上却是单数。,everybody,1.不定代词做主语,anybody,everyone,nobody,somebody,everything,anything,nothing,something,Bob,Bob _ a worker.,is,Mike,Mike and Bob _ workers.,are,Both Mike and Bob _ workers.,are,Neither Mike nor Bob _ a teacher.,is,Bill,Neither of them _(know)how to teach English.,knows/know,All of them _ workers.,None of them _(know)how to teach English.,are,knows/know,Neither dog _ big.(A.is B.are),Neither of them _ big.(A.is B.are),A,Neither of the rabbits _ handsome.(A.is B.are),A/B,Neither rabbit _ handsome.(A.is B.are),A,A/B,neither ofnone of,n.(U),n.(C),neither+n.(singl.),V.,singl.plural.,How to use none and neither,V.(singl.),V.(singl.),3.Neither of us _(was/were)ready when the party began.4.None of them _(has/have)watched the talk show.,have/has,was/were,1.None of these people _ doctors.A.has B.is C.are D.was 2.Neither of them _ a good singer.A.are B.is C.were D.is used to be,C,B,Half of the students have finished their composition.Half of the apple is bad.About 60 percent of the students in our school are boys.,2.the rest of;half of;part of;majority of;percent of;one third of在句子中加名词作主语的时候,谓语动词与of后面的名词保持一致。,The group _ made up of nine students.,The group_ dancing happily.,is,are,The team _ some good players.(have)The team _ handsome.(be),has,are,class,family,team,police,audience,1.was/clapping/for/ten minutes/The/audience,2.The/are/in the hall/watching/carefully/audience,The audience was clapping for ten minutes,The audience are watching carefully in the hall.,government,The government_(由一些高级官员组成),The government_(在开一个重要的会议),is made up of some high officials.,are having an important meeting.,注意：集体名词为 people,police,cattle，谓语动词用复数形式e.g.The police are searching for the thief.,3.由集体名词，如group,family,class,government,team,public,enemy,crowd,company,audience,club,party,crew等作主语时,如果看成一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式,如果看成其中各成员,则用复数形式.,Choose the correct verb form to complete the following sentences.,1.The research group(is,are)made up of five people.,2.What(do,does)the group want for their lunch?,3.Our family(is,are)not poor any more.,4.He has to worry.His family(is,are)waiting for him.,5.The class(is,are)more than forty in number.,is,do,is,are,is,6.The class(have,has)disagreed among themselves about where they should go and have a picnic.,7.The government(has,have)spent more than two million yuan in planting trees.,8.The city government(has,have)different opinions about next years plan.,have,has,have,4.某些名词如clothes,trousers,shoes,glasses等,通常只用其复数形式,但当它们被a pair of 修饰时,谓语动词用单数。,The pair of shoes is worn out.这双鞋破了。The shoes are worn out.鞋子破了。,5.某些名词以s结尾如maths,politics,physics,news,plastics 等，谓语动词应用单数。,Physics is a very interesting subject.物理是一门很有趣的学科。,6.a number of+ns作主语时,谓语动词用复数 the number of+ns 作主语时,谓语动词用单数。,A number of new books are on the desk.The number of students in our class is 50.,7.many a,more than one,one and a half与单数名词组成的短语,谓语用单数。,Many a boy has seen it.许多孩子都看到了。Thirty years is not a long time.,8.书刊名、时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的复数名词作主语时,谓语动词常用单数.,Summary,语法一致原则,And 并列的两个人或物 谓语用复数 表示的是同一个人或物 谓语用单数 特例:由 each,every,many a 等修饰时用单数谓语2.主语是动名词,不定式或主语从句 用单数谓语3.定语从句的关系代词在从句中做主语时,谓语动词与先行词保持一致.4.主语后接说明主语的修饰语如:rather than,as well as,with,together with,but,except等时谓语动词与主语保持一致.,就近原则,either.or;neither.nor;not only.but also,在句子中连接主语的时候或者在there be句型,here引导的句子中,谓语动词要和就近的主语保持一致。,概念一致原则,不定代词all,more,some,any,none作主语,谓语动词视情况而定。the rest of;half of;part of;majority of;percent of;one third of在句子中加名词作主语的时候,谓语动词与of后面的名词保持一致。集体名词做主语表整体用单数谓语,表成员用 复数谓语 4.people,police,cattle做主语谓语动词用复数(people 做民族讲例外)5.anyone,everything,somebody 等不定代词做主语时谓语动词用单数,6.clothes,trousers,shoes glasses 等做主语时用复数谓语,但被a pair of修饰时用单数谓语.maths,politics,physics,news,plastics 等做主语，谓语动词应用单数。A number of+复数名词+复数谓语 许多 the number of+复数名词+单数谓语 的数量 9.Many a,more than one,one and a half+单数名词做主语用单数谓语 10.书刊名、时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的复数名词作主语时,谓语动词常用单数,应该注意的几个问题:,1.This kind of+名词做主语 谓语动词与kind 一致 名词+of this kind 做主语 谓语动词与名词一致 2.在主谓倒装的句子中,谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。3.one and a half+复数名词+单数谓语4.The+形容词一般用复数谓语,但也有少数的过去分词与定冠词连用时指个别,则用单数,1.How are the team playing?Theyre playing well,but one of them _ hurt.(北京2002春季)A.got B.gets C.are D.were,2.As a result of destroying the forests,a large _ of desert _ covered the land.（上海2001）A.number;has B.quantity;has C.number;have D.quantity;have,3.All the preparations for the task _,and we are ready to start.(2000年全国春季卷)A.completed B.complete C.had been completed D.have been completed,4.I told him what I was surprised _ his attitude towards his study.(2000年春季上海卷)A.is B.was C.at is D.at was,5.Every possible means _ to prevent the air pollution,but the sky is still not clear.(2000年春季上海卷)A.is used B.are used C.has been used D.have been used 6.His“Selected Poems”_ first published in 1965.A.were B.was C.has been,7.Mathematics _ the language of science.A.is B.are going to be C.are8.The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone _ get out（NMET97）Ahad to Bwould Ccould Dwas able to,9.A good deal of money _ spent on books.A.have B.has C.have been D.has been10.A library with five thousand books _ to the nation as a gift.A.is offered B.have offered C.are offeredD.has offered,11._ of the land in that district _ covered with trees and grass.A.Two fifth,is B.Two fifth,areC.Two fifths,is D.Two fifths,are,12.Nobody but Jane _ the secret.A.know B.knows C.have known D.is known13.All but one _ here just now.A.is B.was C.has been D.were,14.Not only I but also Jane and Mary _ tired of having one examination after another.A.is B.are C.am D.be 15.The wounded _ by the hospital.A.have been taken in C.has been taken in C.have taken in D.has taken in,16.When and where to build the new factory _ yet.A.is not decided B.are not decided C.has not decided D.have not decided,17.If law and order _ not preserved,people will not be able to live a secure life.A.are B.were C.is D.was18.The movies star as well as a lot of fans _ photographed a lot by TV stations and newspapers.A.were B.was C.had D.has,19.As I have a meeting at four,ten minutes _ all that I can spare to talk with you.A.are B.was C.is D.were,20.Bread and butter _ what Americans usually have for breakfast.A.are B.is C.was D.were,21.A number of my friends _ I should take a holiday.But I am just too busy to spare any time.A.think B.thinks C.had thought D.has thought,22.So long as you have a companion,twenty miles _ a long way to walk,especially in the morning.A.is B.isnt C.are D.arent,23.The police _ searching for a tall dark man with a beard.Till now more than one person _ suspected.A.isis B.isare C.areis D.areare,24.Reading many books _ her happy.A.make B.makes C.is making D.are making25.Every boy and girl must have _ uniform neatly kept.A.his B.her C.their D.them,26.The committee _ to have its second meeting in Tianjin next month.A.are going B.is going C.goes to D.go to,27.In addition to John and Mary,their father _ visit you tomorrow.A.is going to B.are going to C.shall D.are to,28.（山东卷）The country life he was used to _ greatly since 1992.A.changeB.has changedC.changingD.have changed,29.Jim is the only one of the staff members who _to be promoted.A.are B.have been C.is D.has been Many a child _to walk before he can speak.A.learn B.learns C.learned D.have learned,Homework,Finish the exercises in USING STRUCTURES on Page 43.,