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    八年级上册英语各单元知识点归纳总结.docx

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    八年级上册英语各单元知识点归纳总结.docx

    悉心教育厦门蓝精灵辅导中心The Smurfs:Carefully designed to help you develop a cradle!Good Education八年级上册英语语法、短语和知识点总结Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?本单元的话题: 谈论假期活动内容,复习一般过去时。本单元的语法: 1.复习一般过去时; 2.学习不定代词和不定副词的用法。语法: 1.本单元出现的 动词不规则过去式有:isam-was 是are -were 是go-went 去buybought 买take -took拿走,dodoesdidfeed fed 喂 see saw 看见 eatate 吃havehashad 有,吃feelfelt 感觉 riderode 骑 get got 到达 ,得到 cancould 能,会 forgetforgot 忘记 drink drank喝 find found 找到2.不定代词和不定副词的用法:somebodyanyoneeverythingnowhere(疑问副词)不定代词和不定副词(1)左边的 some、any、every、 no 与右边的 body、one、thing 构成不定代词 ,some、any、every、no 与右边的疑问副词 where 构成不定副词 ;(2)一般情况下以 some开头的不定代词和不定副词用于肯定句,以 any 开头的不定代词和不定副词用于否定句、疑问句;以 no 开头的不定代词和不定副词表示否定含义( no one为两个单词);(3)不定代词或不定副词和形容词连用时,形容词放在后面。He has somethingimportant to do.他有重要的事情要做。 (肯定句用 something,形容词 important 放后)Did you buy anything special? (一般疑问句用anything,形容词 special 放后)Did you go anywhere interesting last month?上个月你去令人感兴趣的地方了吗?(一般疑问句用不定副词anywhere,形容词 interesting 放后 )(4)不定代词和不定副词做主语 时,后面的动词用单数形式 。Everone is here today.今天每个人都在这里。本单元的短语和知识点:1.(P1,图片 ) go on vacation 去度假go to the mountains上山 /进山2.(P1,1a) stay at home呆在家 go to the beach去海滩visit museums 参观博物馆go to summercamp 去参观夏令营3.(P2, 2b) study for tests为考试而学习 备考go out 出去4.(P2, 2d) quite a few 相当多 ,不少(后跟可数名词复数)He has quite a few friends.take photos照相most of the time大部分时间他有不少朋友。5.(P3,语法表格 3 行 ) buy sth for sb = buy sb sth 为某人买某物My mother bought me asweater=My mother bought a sweater for me我.妈妈给我买了一件毛衣。6.(P3,语法表格 4 行 ) taste good. 尝起来很好taste(尝起来)、 look(看起来)、 sound(听起来)为感官动词,后跟形容词 The food tastes delicious这.食品尝起来非常可口。The T-shirt looks beautiful.这件体恤衫看起来很漂亮。The songs sound beautiful这.些歌曲听起来很优美。7.(P3,语法表格 5 行 )have a goodgreatfun time过得高兴,玩得愉快( =enjoy oneself) They had a good time yesterday.= They enjoyed themselves yesterday他.们昨天玩得很开心。 8.(P3,3a) go shopping去购物9.(P3,3b,4 行 ) nothing but+动词原形:除了 之外什么都没有He had nothing to do at home but read yesterday昨.天他在家除了读书无事可做。10.(P3,3b,5 行) seem to do sth:好像 I seem to know him.我好像认识他。海阔凭鱼跃,天高任鸟飞!1悉心教育厦门蓝精灵辅导中心The Smurfs:Carefully designed to help you develop a cradle!Good Educationseem+(to be)+形容词: 看起来 The work seems(to be)easy这.工作看起来很容易。11.( P3,3c)keep a diary记日记12.(P5,2b,1 行)in+ 大地方:达到某地( get to +地方:达到某地)arriveat+小地方:达到某地(get 的过去式为 got)He arrived in Beijing yesterday.他昨天达到北京。若是 arrive 和 ge 后跟 home、 there、 here 三个 地点副词 ,后面的介词inatto 必须去掉。Tom got home yesterday evening=Tom arrivedhome yesterday evening昨.晚汤姆到家。13.(P5,2b,2 行)decide to do sth:决定做某事 He decided to go home他.决定回家。14.(P5,2b,3 行) try doing sth.尝试做某事 try to do sth.尽力去做某事 The boy tried riding bicycle. 这个小孩试着骑自行车He tried to help the old man.他尽力帮助这个老年人。15.(P5,2b,4 行) feel like 给的感觉;感受到16.(P5,2b,1 段末行 ) in the past 在过去 walk around 四处走走enjoydoing sth:喜欢做某事 He enjoys playing basketball他.喜欢打篮球。17.(P5,2b,2 段 1行)difference- different(形容词,不同的 )(名词,差异,差别 )18.(P5,2b,2 段 2行)start doing sth:开始做某事(= start to do sth)He started doing his homework. 他开始做家庭作业。19.(P5,2b,2 段 3 行)over an hour一个多小时( over 超过,多余= more than)20.(P5,2b,2 段 4 行) too many 太多,后接可数名词复数。Mother bought too many eggs yesterday昨.天妈妈买了很多鸡蛋。too much 太多,后跟不可数名词,修饰动词作状语。We have too muchwork to do.我们有很多工作要做。Don t talk too much不.要说太多。much too太,后跟形容词或副词The hat is much too big for me.这帽子对我来说太大。You re walking much toofast.你走地太快了。分辨三者的口诀:too much, much too, 用法区别看后头 :much 后接不可数 ,too 后修饰形或副。 too many 要记住,后面名词必复数。21.(P5,2b,2 段 6 行) because of 因为 ,后接名词、代词或动名词(即动词+ing),不能接句子。because因为,后跟句子。He can t go to schoolbecause ofthe rain.他因为下雨没去上学。 (rain 为名词) He was late for school because ofgetting up late.他因为起晚而上学迟到。 ( get 为动词) = He was late for school becausehe got up late.I don t buy the shirtbecauseit was too expensive我.没有买这件衬衣因为它太贵。22.(P5,2b,2 段 8 行)enough(足够的 )与名词连用,一般放在名词前 He has enoughmoney .他有足够的钱。 (money 为名词 ) enough(足够的 )与形容词或副词连用, enough放在后面。He is old enough to go to school. (old为形容词 )23.( P6,2d,倒数 4 行) doing sth.忘记已经做过某事(已经做完)forget to do sth.忘记去做某事(还未做) (forget 的过去式为 forgot) Don t foget to close the door不.要忘记关上门。(门还未关)He forgot closing the door.他忘记已经关上门了。(门已经关上,但是他忘了)24.( P6,2e,5行) another+数字 +可数名词单数或复数 :额外多少某物He ate one apple,he wanted another two apples他.吃了一个苹果,还想再要两个。25.( P8,self check,2,6行) so+形容词 +that+句子:如此 以至于 too+形容词 +to do sth:太 以至于不能 形容词 +enough to do sth:足够 能够做某事(注意三个句型有时可以互换)海阔凭鱼跃,天高任鸟飞!2悉心教育厦门蓝精灵辅导中心The Smurfs:Carefully designed to help you develop a cradle!Good EducationHe is so young that he can t go 他to如school此年轻.以至于不能去上学。= He is too young to go to school. 他太年轻以至于不能去上学。= He isn t old enough to go to school.26.( P8,self check,2,7行) tell sb (not) to do sth:告诉某人(不要)做某事 My mother often tells us not to play in the street我.的妈妈经常告诉我不要在街上玩。Unit 2 How often do you exercise?本单元的话题: 谈论生活习惯,复习一般现在时。本单元的语法: 1.复习一般现在时; 2.学习表示频率副词的用法。主要频率副词的等级排序: always(总是 ) > usually ( 通常 ) > often(经常 ) > sometimes(有时 ) > hardly ever(很少 ) > never(从不 )这些副词在句子中的位置, 一般放在助动词、 be 动词或情态动词之后,行为动词之前。即:“行 ”前 “助 (系) ”后。 Peter is always late for school.Peter 上学总是迟到。I usually do my homework in the evening. 我通常在晚上做作业。提问 always, sometimes, twice a day等频率副词,用 How oftenI watch TV every day. How often do you watch TV?)我每天都看电视(你多长时间看一次电视?本单元的短语和知识点:help with housework 帮助做家务1.(P9,图片、 1a) on weekends在周末go to the movies去看电影how often 多久一次 hardly ever 几乎从不2.(P10,2a至 2d) 2a:once a week每周一次 twice a week 每周两次 every day 每天2c:use the Internet用互联网2d: be free有空 Are you free on weekends?你周末有空吗?play tennisswing dance摇摆舞have dance and piano lessons打网球上舞蹈和钢琴课How about? 怎么样? / 好不好?(后跟名词代词 V ing ) (用来提出意见或征求对方建议)I like apples,how about you ?apple,名词,苹果)(how about =what about)我喜欢苹果,你呢?(How about going shopping this afternoon?今天下午去购物怎么样?( go 为动词)3.(P11,语法表格 )go shopping 购物4.(P11,3a) stay up late熬夜 at least至少 go to bed early早点睡觉 play sports 进行体育活动5.(P11,3b)after school 放学后6.(P12,1b)want sth:需要某物He wants a new pen他.想要一支新钢笔。want to do sth:想做某事He wants to watch TV after school放.学后他想去看电视。want sb to do sth:让某人做某事My mother wants me get up early妈.妈让我早起。7.(P12,1b)be good for对 有好处be bad for 对 有害处Swimming is good for our health.游泳对我们的健康有好处。Watching TV is bad for our eyes看.电视对我们的眼睛有害处。8. (P13, 2a) play computer games打电子游戏go camping 去野营9.(P13,2b,1 行)ask sb about sth:问某人某事My parents often ask me about my study我.的父母经常问我的学习情况。10. (P13,2b,1 段 1 行)in one s spare time在某人业余时间He studies English in his spare time他.在业余时间学习英语。11.(P13,2b) ”数字 +percent of+名词 ”做主语时,后面的单词取决于名词的情况。若名词为复数,后面的动词用复数形式;若名词为单数或不可数名词,后面的动词用单数形式。In our class ,twenty of studentsare boys.在我们班,百分之二十的学生为男生。Thirty of water is dirty. 百分之三十的 水是脏的。12.(P13,2b, 2 段 3 行 )notat all:一点儿也不( not 构成否定句)I don liket the movie at all.我一点也不喜欢这部电影。海阔凭鱼跃,天高任鸟飞!3悉心教育厦门蓝精灵辅导中心The Smurfs:Carefully designed to help you develop a cradle!Good Education13.(P13,2b, 3 段)go online 上网14.(P13,2b, 3 段)the answer to+名词: 的答案the answer to the question这个问题的答案15.(P13,2b, 4 段) the most popular最受欢迎的although(虽然 )不能与 but 连用,但可以与 yet ,still 连用。Although it is dark ,they are still working. 虽然天黑了,但他们仍在工作。Although he is old ,he is quite strong他.虽然年龄大了,但身体很健壮。16.(P13,2b, 5 段 1 行 )the (best) way to do sth:做某事的 (最好 )方式The best way to learn English is speaking English学.习英语的最好方法是说英语.17.(P13,2b, 5 段 2 行 ) such as比如 (后跟名词或名词短语) for example 例如(后跟句子) He likes fruits,such as apples,bananas and so on他.喜欢水果,例如苹果、香蕉等。He has some good ways to study English,for example ,he often listens to tapes他.有许多好的方法学习英语,例如,他经常听磁带。18.(P13,2b, 5 段 4 行 ) old habits die hard积习难改。19.(P15,3a)more than (=over)超过,多余go to the dentist去看牙医Unit 3 I'm more outgoing than my sister.本单元的话题: 谈论事物对比,学习形容词比较级。本单元的语法: 学习形容词比较级。(语法:见课本第113 页至 115 页)本单元出现的形容词和副词的比较级有:longlonger(长的 ),tall-taller (高的 )fast faster(更快 ),funnyfunnier(更有趣 ) friendly friendlier (更友好),early earlier(更早) ,lazylazier(更懒惰 ), highhigher(更高 ), hardharder(更努力 ) ,quiet quieter(更安静,更内向),smartsmarter(更聪明) loud louder(更响亮), goodwell-better (更好 ) manymuch more (更多 ),popular more popular(更受欢迎 )loudly more loudly(更响亮) outgoing-more outgoing(更外向 / 更开朗 ), hard-workingmore hard-working(更努力) clearlymore clearly(更清楚) serious more serious(更严肃)形容词和副词的比较级讲解:1.比较级表示两个人或物的比较。所用的句型为 “比较级 +than”(比 更 ),若 than 前后所使用的的动词相同时,通常用助动词代替后面的动词,后面的动词或助动词可以省略。注意比较的对象必须性质相同。I am taller than my brother.我比我的弟弟高。He is more outgoing than me他.比我外向。2.比较级前,可以用much(更 ,多得多 ),a lot(更 ,多得多 ),even(更 ,多得多 ),a little(稍微 )来表示程度。 I am a little thinner than my sister我.比我的妹妹稍微瘦。She is muchmore beautiful than her sister她.比她的妹妹更漂亮。本单元的短语和知识点:1.(P17,图片 )play+the +乐器play the drums 打鼓比较 play +球类play basketball 打篮球both and两者都 (后面的动词用复数形式 )Both Tom and Jim are students.汤姆和吉姆都是学生。 2.(P18,2d) the singing competition 歌咏比赛 the most important 最重要的3.(P20,1a)be good at+名词 代词 V ing:擅长,在某方面做得好He is good at math.他擅长数学( math 为名词) I am good atplaying basketball我.擅长打篮球。 (play 为动词 )4.(P20,1a)make sb do sth:让某人做某事 He makes me help him他.让我帮助他。5.(P20,1b)the same as与相同 His book is the same as my book他.的书与我的书一样。6. ( P20,1b) be talented in sth:在某方面有天赋He is talented in music.他在音乐方面有天赋。7.(P21,2b,1 段 2 行) be like:像 The books are like friends书.像朋友。8.(P21,2b,1 段) make friends (with sb):(和某人)交朋友He often makes friends with children.他经常和孩子们交朋友.海阔凭鱼跃,天高任鸟飞!4悉心教育厦门蓝精灵辅导中心The Smurfs:Carefully designed to help you develop a cradle!Good Educationenjoy doing sth:喜欢做某事Tom enjoys reading.汤姆喜欢读书。9.(P21,2b,2 段) be different from与 不同 My brother is different from me. 我弟弟与我不一样。10.( P21,2b,2 段) help sb to (do) sth:帮助某人做某事常与 help sb with sth(在某方面帮助某人 )互换He often helps me (to) learn English.他经常帮助我学习英语。 = He often helps me with my English.他经常在英语方面帮助我。help (to) do sth:帮助做某事 He often helps( to)cook at home.他经常在家帮助做饭。11.( P21,2b,3 段) care about关心My parents often care about my study我.的父母亲经常关心我的学习.12.( P22,2d)比较级表示最高级常用:比较级 +than+the other+可数名词复数=比较级 +than +any other+可数名词单数 (用于一范围内一个与余下进行比较)例如:He is the tallest student in our class(.最高级)在我们班他是最高的学生。= He is taller than any other student in our class.= He is taller than the other students in our class在.我们班,他比其他的学生高。(在我们班,他与他之外的其他的同学进行比较)shanghai is the biggest city in china上.海是中国最大的城市。=13.( P24,4)be good with sb:与某人相处很好The teacher is good with students这.位老师与学生相处很好。14.( P24,4)information (n.消息,信息)不可数名词Unit 4 What's the best movie theater? 本单元的话题: 谈论事物对比, 学习形容词和副词的最高级。本单元的语法: 学习形容词和副词的最高级。1.形容词和副词的最高级常用于表示三者或三者以上进行比较, 后面可用 of 或 in 短语表示比较的范围。 He is the tallest in his class.在他那个班,他是最高的。Tom studies (the) bestof the three students.在这三个学生中汤姆学习最好2.形容词和副词的最高级前常常有the(副词的最高级前的the 可以省略 ),例如:He is the tallest student in our class在.我们班他是最高的学生。 ( tall 为形容词, the 不能省)汤姆在他那个学校跑得最快。(fast 为副词修饰动词run,the 可以省略)Tom runs (the) fastestin his school.3.比较级也可以表示最高级的含义,见Unit3,12 讲解。本单元出现的形容词和副词的最高级有:good(好) best,badbadly(坏的 )worst,frest(新鲜的 )frestest, big(大 ) biggest fast(快的 )-fastest new(新的 ) newest cheap(便宜的 )cheapest funny(有趣的 )- funniest close(近的 )closest short(矮的 )shortest quiet(安静的,内向的) quietest expensive(昂贵的 ) most expensive,popular(受欢迎的 )most popular,quikcly(快地 )most quikclybeautiful(美丽的 )most beautiful,comefortable(舒服的 )most comefortablecheaply(便宜地) most cheaplycarefully( 仔细地,细心地 )most carefullyboring(无聊的 )most boringexciting most excitinginterestingmost interestingserious(令人兴奋的 )most serious(令人感兴趣的)(严肃的,认真的 )creative(有创造力的 ) most creative,talented(有天赋的 )most talented本单元的短语和知识点:1.(P26,2d,2 行) welcome to+地点: 欢迎来到某地Welcome to our school.欢迎来我校。2.(P27 语法表) What do you think of sth?=How dou you like sth?你认为 .怎么样?What do you think of the book?你认为这本书怎么样?It is boring.很无聊。海阔凭鱼跃,天高任鸟飞!5悉心教育厦门蓝精灵辅导中心The Smurfs:Carefully designed to help you develop a cradle!Good Education3.(P29,2b,1 段 2 行) watch sb do sth:看见某人做了某事( = see sb do sth )I watched him play basketball yesterday昨.天我看见他打篮球了。4.(P29,2b,1 段 3 行)比较级别+and+比较级:越来越 (若比较级为 more+形容词原级,则为: more and more形容词原级)The buildings are taller and taller.楼房越来越高。Our school is getting more and more beautiful.我们的学校正在变得越来越漂亮。5.(P29,2b,1 段末行) around the world 全世界 =all over the world,such as 例如Unit 5 Do you want to watch a game show?本单元的话题: 谈论自己对天使节目或电影的喜好,学会表达自己的感受。本单元的语法: 复习一般现在时。本单元的短语和知识点:1.(P33,图片 ) What do you think of sth?=How dou you like sth?你认为 怎么样?What do you think of the movie?你认为这部电影怎么样?It is boring.很无聊。2.(P33,图片 )(补充) mind doing sth:介意做某事Would you mind opening the door?你介意打开门吗? Of course not.当然不介意。 3.(P33,1a) news (不可数名词 ,消息,信息 ) a piece of good news一条好消息4.(P34,2b,2 行)learn (sth) from sb:向某人学习(某物)We is learning English from the teacher我.们正在向这位老师学习英语。5.(P34,2c,1行)plan to do sth:计划做某事 (plan 的过去式 planned,现在分词 planning) He is planning to visit Beijing. 他正在计划访问北京。6.(P34,2c,4行)hope to do sth:希望做某事He hopes to meet the famous singer他.希望与这位著名歌手的见面。7.(P34,2d,2 行)have a discussion (about sth):讨论(某物)They had a discussion about the movie yesterday昨天他们讨论了这部电影。8.(P34,2d,倒数 5 行)favorite (形容词,最喜爱的)= like bestMy favorite shows are talk shows.我最喜欢的节目是谈话节目。=I like talk shows best.9.(P34,2d,倒数 2 行)expect to do sth:期待做某事The girl alaways expects to meet her favorite actor这.个女孩总是期待与他最喜欢的演员见面。10.(P37,2b,1 段 2 行 )think of 认为,想起 He often thinks of his teachers他.经常想起他的老师。11.(P37,2b,1 段倒数 2 行)in the 1930s:在二十世纪三十年代( 1930 年至 1939 年)in the 2010s:在二十一世纪 10 年代( 2010 年至 2019 年)12.(P37,2b,2 段 2 行 )one of +可数名词复数 : 之一 (该短语放在句首做主语时,后面的动词用单数形式)One of the studentshas an English dictionary.这些学生中一个人有英语字典。13.(P37,2b,2 段 3 行 )try to do sth:尽力做某事 He tried to help the old man他.尽力帮助这老人。try doing sth:试着做某事 The boy tried riding a bicycle.这个孩子试着骑自行车。14.(P37,2b,2 段 3 行 )luck(名词,幸运 ,运气 ) lucky( 形容词 ,幸运的 )-unlucky ( 形容词 ,不幸的 )15.(P37,2b,2 段 5 行 )be ready to do sth乐意做某事He is always ready to help others他.总是乐于助人。16.(P37,2b,2 段 5 行 )try ones best (to do sth) :尽力(做某事)He often tries his best to help me他.总是尽力帮助我。17.(P39,3a,3 行)take onesplace:代替,

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