人教版八年级英语下Unit5知识点讲解.docx

Unit5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came?Section A1. What were people doing yesterday at the time of the rainstorm ? 昨天当暴风雨来临的时候人们正在做些什么？【解析 1】过去进行时过去进行时态 用法：过去某个时间正在发生的动作He was cooking at six last night. 昨天晚上六点，他正在做饭。 过去某段时间正在发生的动作I was staying here from March to May last year. 去年从 3 月到 5 月，我一直呆在这里。 与过去进行时连用的时间状语，常见的有at nine last night/at that time=then/at this time yesterday/或有 when the teacher came in/while he was reading 的提示 过去进行时的构成： waswere +现在分词 过去进行时的四个基本句型肯定句He was cooking at six last night.否定句He was not cooking at six last night.一般疑问句Was he cooking at six last night?两回答Yes, he was. /No, he wasn t.特殊疑问句What was he doing at six last night? 过去进行时的固定句型Jim was reading when the teacher came in.当老师进来的时候，吉姆正在读书。Jim was reading while Kate was watching TV. 在凯特正在看电视的同时，吉姆正在读书。Jim came in while Kate was watching TV. 在凯特正在看电视的时候，吉姆进来了。 请比较He watched TV last night.（过去时间 last night, 用一般过去时）He was watching TV at nine last night. (过去时间 last night+点时间 at nine, 用过去进行时 )【2013 浙江杭州】 Sally took a photo of her friends while they computergames.A. playB. are playing C. have played D. were playing【2013 黑龙江绥化】 My uncle books in the room at this time yesterday.A. was seeingB. is readingC. was reading【2013 黑龙江齐齐哈尔3】What you when the captain came in?A. are; doingB. did; doC. were; doing巩固练习：用所给动词的适当形式填空1. Now Jim s sister (read) newspapers. 2.He (watch)TV at nine last night.3. He (watch)TV last night.4. What the twins (do) then?5. Lily (draw) a cat when the teacher came in ? No, she 6. you (have) supper at that time?7. Jack (not read) a book at nine yesterday evening.8. Now Jim (play) basketball on the playgroun（d 操场） .9. What he (do) at nine o clock last night.10. They (listen) to the music at that time.11. When the teacher came in, the students (read) the text.12. We (watch) TV when suddenly the telephone rang.13. Her mother(cook) while her father was watching TV.【解析 3】rainstorm n暴风雨raincoat雨衣raindrop雨滴2. My alarm didn gto off so Iup late.我的闹钟没有响，因此我 晚了。【解析 1】alarm n闹钟 an alarm clock一个闹钟【解析 2】go off 发出响声 ,(闹钟)闹响，离开【解析 2】at the time of在. 的时候 （常用于过去进行时）The alarm went off just now.刚才警钟响了【短语】go over 复习go away 离开go by (时间)过去go for a walk出去散步go fishing/shopping/skating/swimming去钓鱼/去买东西 /去溜冰 /去游泳() I was late today because my alarm clock didn t A. run offB. go offC. give outD. give up () What a big storm last night!Yes. I was doing my homework. Suddenly, all the lights in my house .A. went offB. turned offC. took offD. got off() How I wish could sleep longer! However, I had to get up as soon as the alarm clock .A. ran offB. went offC. took offheavyadj.沉重的How heavy are you?heavilyadv沉重地The army lost heavily.hungry饥饿的hungrilyhappy快乐的happilyangry生气的angrilylucky幸运的luckily3. I for the bus when it began to rainheavily. 当天开始下大雨的时候我 公交车。【解析】 heavily adv在很大程度上形容风大的时候常用strong/hard,形容雨雪下得大的时候用heavily/hard() The sun is shining . You'd better wear sunglasses while you are out.A. brightlyB. lightlyC. heavily() Sometimes it rains in Guizhou in summer .A. heavilyB. heavyC. strongD. Strongly【注】 heavy 改 y 为 i +ly变为 adv ,类似的 adj 还有：4.I tothe bus stop butIstillmissedthebus.我 向公共汽车站但还是错过了公共汽车。【解析】 missv. 错过 (后接名词、代词或动车ing ） Be quick! Or you will miss the early bus. 想念；思念I miss you.n. 用于姓名或姓之前，是对未婚女子的称呼，但首字母要大写，“小姐；女生 ”() I the early bus and I had to wait for the next one on such a cold morning. Bad luck!A. missedB. caughtC. followedD. left5.I called at seven and you didn ptick up.我七点钟给你打电话，你没有接。【解析】 pick up接电话接电话Tom, I called you, but you didnt pick uppick up捡起；拾起I pick up a wallet on my way home（开车）接某人I will pick you up at the station学到；获得He was picking up the skills quickly.() The workers in the Huashan Mountains have to rubbish to keep the mountains clean.A. turn upB. pick upC. mix upD. give up() It seems that the aged people the H7N9 more easily from the recent case.A. pick upB. mix upC. set upD. use up6. That sstrange.真奇怪 .【解析】 strange adj.奇怪的strangelyadv 奇怪地 stranger n陌生人be strange to对感到陌生strange奇怪的It s strange that she came to the party.陌生的He stands in a stranger street.7. With no light outside, it felt like midnight.外面没有一丝光亮，让人感觉这是在午夜。【解析 1】with + n +adv，在句中做伴随状语with +n +adj.She can see stars in the dark sky with the window open【解析 2】feel like doing sth = would like/want to do sth想要做某事I feel like (catch) a clod today.8. The news on TV reported that a heavy rainstorm was in the area.电视新闻报道，这个地区有一场大暴雨。【解析】 report v报道 reporter n记者make a report做报告weather report天气预报give a report作报告It s reported that据报道 I want to be a (report) when I grow up.9. so ,when the rainstorm suddenly came, what were you doing?那么，当暴风雨突然来临的时候，你正在做什么呢？【解析】 so 的用法：做 语 气无实际意义，表示惊讶或领会，引出后面内容So, youwere the firstone toenter thesoso + adj./ adv“如此”作副词The book is so interesting.so + adj./adv +that从句He ran so fast that no one could catch up作连词so + 从句“所以“Iwasillyesterday, so Ididntgotoso that + 从句“以便，为了”I fixed the TV so that we can watch it10. I see. I called again at eight and youdidn atnswer then either. 我八点钟又给你打电话， 你也没有接。【解析 1】I see . 我知道了。（表示通过别人提醒而明白、了解）() It s bad for your eyes to read in the sun. .A. I m OKB. I don t know C. I m sorry D. I see【拓展】see sb. do sth 看到某人做某事see sb. doing sth 看到某人正在做某事【解析 2】either也【辨析】 also /too/as well/ either(1) also 也，用于肯定句句中，用在实义动词之前，系动词、助动词、情态动词之后。(2) too也， 用于肯定句句末(3) either也 ，通常放于否定句末【练习】用 either, also , too, as well填空Tom can sing this song . I can sing it, .Tom can sing this song, I can sing it .Tom can sing this song, I can sing it.Tom couldnt sing this song, I couldnt , .（） He can t swim .I cant, .A. tooB. alsoC. eitherD. neither11. Bensdad was putting pieces of wood over the windowswhile his mom was making sure the flashlights and radio wereworking.本的爸爸正在把木头块搭在窗户上面，而他的妈妈正在确保手电筒和收音机能正常使用。【解析 1】while 当 的时候() Amy was reading a book I came in.A. whenB. whileC. becauseD. though() the children have fun, parents can take dance lessons on the beach.A. WhenB. IfC. WhileD. Once【解析 2】make sure 确信； 确保make sure to do sthPlease make sure to turn off the computer when you leave. make sure ofDo you know the time of the train? You d better make sure of it.() There aren t many tickets left for the concert, yobue'tdter that you get one today.A. make sure ofB. make a decisionC. make sureD. make plans【解析 3】work运转；发挥作用The madi cine doesn t work.【拓展】 work 有三个意思很容易弄混： 表示“工作”，是不可数名词：He has too much work to do.他要做的工作太多。work worker 表示“著作”或“作品”，是可数名词，但多用复数：He has read many of Hemingway s works. 表示“工厂”，只用复数形式，但可表示单数意义：The glass works （=factory) is are near the station.玻璃工厂在车站附近。【2012 曲靖中考】My mother is a doctor , and my father is a (work).12. Ben was helpinghis mom make dinnerwhen the rainbegan to beat heavily against the windows.当雨点开始重重地打在窗户上的时候，本正在帮助他的妈妈做晚饭。【解析 1】.beat 与 win 辨析获胜，赢得beatwin比赛、竞争对手（如人战争奖杯、奖牌比赛、游戏或球队等）We beat them by the score of 2 to 1.我们以 2:1 赢了他们。Which team won the football match?哪个对赢了那场足球赛？【解析 2】heavily在很大程度上；大量地【拓展】 heavy adj.重的（反）light heavily adv 猛烈地【注】形容雨雪下得大用heavily/hardIt rained (heavy) ,so he didnwork yt egsotetorday.() Sometimes it rains in Xi an in summer.A. heavyB. heavilyC. strongD. strongly ()Peter is than you, right?Yes, but he is runner in our class.A. heavier; bestB. heavy; the bestC. heavier; the bestD. heavy; better() Sometimes it rains in Guizhou in summer .A. heavilyB. heavyC. strongD. Strongly【解析 3】against倚；碰；撞 表示“反对”，其反义词为 for 。若表示 “强烈反对 ”，一般用副词 strongly ：Are you for or against the plan?你对这个计划是赞成还是反对呢? 表示位置，意为 “靠着”、“顶着 ”、等：The teacherdsesk is against the wall. 老师的办公桌靠墙放着。He stood leaning against the tree. 他站着斜靠在墙上。() Mr. Wang is strongly keeping animals in the zoo, because he thinks animals should also enjoy freedom.A. upB. forC. againstD. down() I'm building a new zoo because I think zoos are terrible places for animals to live in.A. againstB. onC. inD. for13. Ben could not sleep at first . 起初，本睡不着。【解析】at first首先；最初【拓展】 (1) at first = at the beginning最初，开始【强调在时间顺序或做某事过程等开始之初】(2) first of all首先，第一【表明陈述事情的重要性】() When you want to work for our country in the future, , we should have strong body and rich knowledge.A. at firstB. first of allC. for the first timeD. after all() We can do a lot to stay healthy. , we should eat a balance平d(衡的 ) diet.A. At a timeB. In factC. First of allD. All together14. He finallyfell asleep when the wind wasdying down at around 3:00 a.m.在大约凌晨三点逐渐减弱的时候，本终于睡着了。【解析 1】 fall asleep进入梦乡；睡着【拓展】 sleep / asleep 辨析：(1) sleep =be in bed v 睡觉，指睡的动作状态(2) get to sleep =fall asleep 入睡，强调进入睡眠的状态(3) go to bed 上床睡觉，强调睡觉的动作【记】He went to bed at ten last night , but he didngo toslteep until . He onlyfell asleepfor 5 hours.() Jim, Where is your sister? Oh, She is still in bed.A. going to bedB. in her bedroomC. sleepingD. sleepy David fell (sleep) in class because he stayed up too late last night.be asleep强调睡着的状态The baby is asleepfall asleep强调入睡的动作My father was so tired that he fell asleep quickly() He found it was hard to get to sleep those days.A. sleepingB. fall asleepC. be asleep【拓展】 fall asleep, sleep, go to sleep, get to sleep, go to bed用法区别。 fallasleep 属“连系动词 +表语”结构， “入睡；睡着 ”，指进入梦乡，往往含有“不知不觉就睡着了 “的意思。 asleep 在此作表语形容词。He was just falling asleep when there was a loud knock at the door. 他刚要入睡时，这时传来了响亮的敲门声。 sleep指睡觉时的一种状态，是一个延续性的动词。He likes to sleep for an hour in the afternoon.他喜欢在下午睡上一个小时。 go to sleep意为“入睡，睡着 ”，强调从开始睡到睡着的过程。I just want to close my eyes and go to sleep as quickly as possible我.睡上一觉。 get to sleep与 go to sleep 意思相近，但它强调的是进入睡眠状态。只是想闭上眼睛， 尽快地She was too excited to get to sleep last night.她昨晚因太激动而不能入睡。 go to bed 就“寝”，“上床睡觉 ”，指上床去睡这个动作，与get up 相对应。The students in our school usually get up at six in the morning and go to bed at half past nine in the evening. 我们学校的学生通常早晨六点起床，晚上九点半睡觉。【解析 2】die down逐渐变弱；逐渐消失【拓展】 die down 与 die out 的用法区别：指火的熄灭时，用die down 或 die out 皆可。die down 往往指火势由强到弱慢慢熄灭，植物慢慢死亡这一过程；die out 则指熄灭这一事实，而且不及die down 用的普遍。die down:反映风、声音、愤怒、掌声、战斗等平息下来。die out:指家庭、种族、物种、组织、信仰等的消失或消亡。This kind of bird has died out in the world.这种鸟已经在世界上灭绝了。15. When he woke up. the sun was rising.当他醒来的时候，太阳已经升起来了。【解析 1】wake up (v+ adv)醒来；睡醒() , Tom! It s time to get up and go tool.schoA. Wake upB. Make upC. Grow upD. Look up () What s wrong with you, Eric? You look tired. I to prepare for the final exam last night.A. picked upB. woke upC. stayed upD. put up【解析 2】rise增加；提高；增强；上升，升起rise升起；上升主语自身移向较高位置Price rose graduallyraise举起；提高主语发出的动作作用于其他事物Let s raise our glasses to Tom. () The river two inches this morning.A. roseB. raisedC. are getting upD. grow16. Fallen trees, broken windows and rubbish wereeverywhere. 到处都是倒下的树，破碎的窗户和垃圾。【解析 1】过去分词做定语fallen leaves落叶【解析 2】everywhere处处，到处；各个地方词条含义用法例句everywhere处处；到处；各个地方可用于任何句式We have many friendseverywhereinthe worldsomewhere某个地方多用于肯定句中You can go somewhere you like to. anywhere任何地方否定句You cant go anywhere疑问句Can I go anywhere I choose () There has never been such a beautiful village in the world.A. anywhereB. everywhereC. somewhereD. nowhere() We arrived at the station too early and had to go, so we sat there and chatted with eachother.A. somewhereB. anywhereC. everywhereD. nowhere() There has never been such a beautiful village in the world.A. anywhereB. everywhereC. somewhereD. nowhere17. They joined the neighbors to help clean up the neigh hood together.他们加入到邻居们中， 一起打扫社区。【解析】join加入；参加【辨析】 join/join in/take part in(1) join=be a member of参加 ,指加入某种组织，并成为其中的一员。join the army / party入伍/ 党join the club加入俱乐部 join in后接活动名称 join sb.加入到某个人群之中(2) take part in参加，指加入群体活动中并在活动中发挥重要作用。() I suppose we ll go to plant trees next week.- Terrific! Planting trees is a lot of fun. I d like to you.A. visitB. joinC. followD. meet () Mary, would you like to this game? I d love to, but I have to finish the composition first.A. join in; to writeB. attend; writingC. join; to writeD. take part in; writing.() He an English club last year and has improved his English a lot.A. protectedB. producedC. joinedD. received18. turn on the radio打开收音机【解析】 turn on打开（反） turn off关掉() It s time for CCTV news. Let s the TV and watch it.A. turn onB. get onC. try onD. put on () It's getting dark. Please the light.A. turn onB. turn offC. turn downD. turn around() The boy is sleeping. Please the radio.A. turn upB. turn downC. turn on() a light when necessary. You will bring light to other people and yourself.A. Try onB. Get onC. Turn onD. Put on19. When we got to the place of the accident, the car was in bad shape from hitting a tree.当我们到达事故现场的时候，看到汽车由于撞在了树上，已经变了些。【解析】 get to 到达get got gottevn 得到【辨析】 get/ reach/ arriveget to +地点=arrive in/at + 地点=reach+ 地点get on 上车get up起床get used to 习惯于get along with sb与某人相处融洽get together 相聚() When will the plane Shanghai?Sorry, I don t know.A. getB. arrive atC. reach()I used to quarrel a lot with my parents, but now we just fine together.A. get alongB. get upC. get awayD. get offSection B.1. What event happenedat the school yesterday?昨天学校发生了什么事？【解析】happen发生；碰巧（指偶然性发生）(1) happen v发“生”没有被动语态，主语是物，强调某事发生的偶然性a. sth. happen to sb. 某事发生在某人身上What happened to you?=What was wrong with him?b. sb. happen to do sth.某人碰巧做某事She happened (be) out when we called. (2)take place发生，指事情有计划有安排地发生The sports meeting took place in our school last week.(3) It happened that碰巧() An accident at the school gate this morning.A. happenedB .happened toC. took placeD. took places () What happened the boy?A. withB. toC. atD. on () A serious bike accident her , and she was badly hurt.A. happened toB. was happened toC. was happingD. was happen() The accident took place on a cold night.A. took the placeB. happenedC. toldD. hold () I happened him last