焊接工艺规程和维修培训教材课件.ppt

,WELDING PROCEDURESAND REPAIRS焊接工艺规程和维修,焊接工艺规程和维修WELDING PROCEDURES AND REPAIRS,Page 3,WELDING PROCEDURES AND REPAIRS焊接工艺规程和维修,This presentation provides a brief introduction to Welding Procedures and Repairs performed by,or on behalf of,Qenos.本演示稿提供了一个由凯诺斯（或代表凯诺斯）进行的焊接工艺规程和维修的一个简要介绍。,Page 4,WELDING PROCEDURES AND REPAIRS焊接工艺规程和维修,HISTORY历史Prior to 1995,the majority of Pressure Vessels came under the control of the Regional Government Regulator1995年之前，绝大多数压力容器由地区政府监管机构控制Regional Government employed Inspectors were appointed to oversee New Fabrication Welding and On-Site Welding Repairs地区政府聘请的检查员被指派监督新设备焊接和现场焊接维修,Page 5,WELDING PROCEDURES AND REPAIRS焊接工艺规程和维修,Page 6,WELDING PROCEDURES AND REPAIRS焊接工艺规程和维修,Many Smaller Vessels together with most Piping were not covered by the Regional regulations.许多较小容器含大多数管线并未被地区法规所涉及。Any fabrication,modifications or repairs to Equipment Items had to be managed internally by Qenos personnel.任何设备部件的制造、改动或维修必须由凯诺斯员工内部管理。,Page 7,WELDING PROCEDURES AND REPAIRS焊接工艺规程和维修,Qenos managed Welding work had to meet respective Standards and/or Code requirements凯诺斯管理的焊接作业必须符合相应的标准和/或规范要求This required the following:有下列要求：The appointment of a Welding Inspector or Welding Supervisor任命一名焊接检查员或焊接主管。Developing and Maintaining Qualified Welding Procedures.制订和遵守合格焊接工艺规程。,Page 8,WELDING PROCEDURES AND REPAIRS焊接工艺规程和维修,Requirements(continued):要求（续）：Qualification of and Routine Testing of Welding Operators焊工资质和日常考核Arranging for any required NDE and Hydrostatic Testing(as prescribed in the respective Standard and/or Code).安排所有所需NDE和净水压试验（按相关标准和/或规范中的规定）。Maintaining History Records of Welding projects.保存焊接项目的历史记录。,Page 9,WELDING PROCEDURES AND REPAIRS焊接工艺规程和维修,DE-REGULATION解除管制In 1995,the Regional Government elected to make Industries accountable and responsible for all Welding Fabrication and Repair work.1995年，地方政府投票通过让行业负责全部的焊件制造和维修作业。,Page 10,WELDING PROCEDURES AND REPAIRS焊接工艺规程和维修,DE-REGULATION解除管制Qenos then had to self-manage ALL Welding work.凯诺斯接下来必须自我管理所有的焊接作业。,Page 11,WELDING PROCEDURES AND REPAIRS焊接工艺规程和维修,Qenos Welding Responsibilities encompassed the following:凯诺斯焊接责任包含以下内容：Ensuring that we had appropriately experienced Welding Inspectors and Supervisors确保我们有相应经验十分丰富的焊接检查员和主管Ensuring that we had an experienced Welding Engineer确保我们拥有一名经验丰富的焊接工程师,Page 12,WELDING PROCEDURES AND REPAIRS焊接工艺规程和维修,Qenos Welding Responsibilities encompassed the following:凯诺斯焊接责任包含以下内容：Determining the required scope of work.确定所需作业范围。Defining the applicable Engineering Standard or Code.定义可执行的工程标准或规范。,Page 13,WELDING PROCEDURES AND REPAIRS焊接工艺规程和维修,Qenos Welding Responsibilities encompassed the following:凯诺斯焊接责任包含以下内容：Determining the most appropriate welding technique.确定最合适的焊接技术。,Page 14,WELDING PROCEDURES AND REPAIRS焊接工艺规程和维修,Qenos Welding Responsibilities encompassed the following:凯诺斯焊接责任包含以下内容：Determining whether work best done either:确定在以下情况下是否最好地完成作业：In-Situ现场Removed from plant location but Repaired on Site已从装置位置拆除但在现场维修Removed from plant location and sent to Fabrication Contractors workshop for repair.已从工厂位置拆除并送至制造承包商的车间进行维修。,Page 15,WELDING PROCEDURES AND REPAIRS焊接工艺规程和维修,Qenos Welding Responsibilities encompassed the following:凯诺斯焊接责任包含以下内容：Establishing whether pre-heat and post weld heat treatment is required.确定是否需要预热或焊后热处理。Specifying a particular welding process and/or consumables(if appropriate).指定特定的焊接工艺和/或耗材（如适用）。,Page 16,WELDING PROCEDURES AND REPAIRS焊接工艺规程和维修,Qenos Welding Responsibilities encompassed the following:凯诺斯焊接责任包含以下内容：Developing a detailed repair/modification Specification制订详细的维修/改动规范Selecting suitably experienced Contract Engineering Fabrication company/s.选择具有丰富适当经验的合约工程制造公司。,Page 17,WELDING PROCEDURES AND REPAIRS焊接工艺规程和维修,Qenos Welding Responsibilities encompassed the following:凯诺斯焊接责任包含以下内容：Discussing proposal with the Contract companies Welding Engineer(and modify Specification if appropriate).与承包公司焊接工程师讨论提议（并在适用时修改规范）。,Page 18,WELDING PROCEDURES AND REPAIRS焊接工艺规程和维修,Qenos Welding Responsibilities encompassed the following:凯诺斯焊接责任包含以下内容：Ensuring that contractor has and Qualified Welding Procedure and Qualified Welding Operators.确保承包商有合格的焊接工艺规程和有资质的焊接操作人员。,Page 19,WELDING PROCEDURES AND REPAIRS焊接工艺规程和维修,Qenos Welding Responsibilities encompassed the following:凯诺斯焊接责任包含以下内容：For complex work,ensuring that the Contractor assigns a Welding Supervisor.复杂作业时，确保承包商任命了焊接主管。,Page 20,WELDING PROCEDURES AND REPAIRS焊接工艺规程和维修,Qenos Welding Responsibilities encompassed the following:凯诺斯焊接责任包含以下内容：Ensuring that the assigned Welding Supervisor is conversant with the job requirements.确保任命的焊接主管熟悉作业的要求。,Page 21,WELDING PROCEDURES AND REPAIRS焊接工艺规程和维修,Qenos Welding Responsibilities encompassed the following:凯诺斯焊接责任包含以下内容：Contractor to organise for NATA NDE Inspection of welds(if this is stipulated in the Specification)承包商需安排焊缝的澳大利亚测试机构协会无损探伤检查（如果在技术规范中规定）Contractor to provide a detailed Manufacturers Data Report for the repair work.承包商需提供维修作业详细的制造商数据报告。,Page 22,WELDING PROCEDURES AND REPAIRS焊接工艺规程和维修,Qenos Welding Responsibilities encompassed the following:凯诺斯焊接责任包含以下内容：Qenos Welding Inspector to witness Welding as required凯诺斯焊接检查员应按要求在焊接时在场。Qenos Welding Inspector to witness the Hydrostatic Testing(if applicable).凯诺斯焊接检查员在水压测试（如适用）时应在场。,Page 23,WELDING PROCEDURES AND REPAIRS焊接工艺规程和维修,Qenos Welding Responsibilities encompassed the following:凯诺斯焊接责任包含以下内容：Qenos Welding Inspector to Sign-Off on Vessel Acceptance on the Work Permit(this allows Maintenance to prepare the vessel,and for the Operations group to put vessel back into service).凯诺斯焊接检查员应在容器验收时在作业许可上签字（这允许维修部门准备容器，并由操作组将容器重新投入使用）。,Page 24,WELDING PROCEDURES AND REPAIRS焊接工艺规程和维修,Qenos Welding Responsibilities encompassed the following:凯诺斯焊接责任包含以下内容：Qenos Welding Inspector to update Vessel History in SAP following completion of all repair work(this included establishing the next Inspection interval).凯诺斯焊接检查员须在所有维修作业完成后，在SAP中更新容器历史（这还包含确定下次检查间隔）。,Page 25,WELDING PROCEDURES AND REPAIRS焊接工艺规程和维修,CURRENT ARRANGEMENTS FOR FIXED EQUIPMENT固定设备的当前安排The vast majority of Fixed Equipment on the various Qenos sites must be Registered with the respective Regional Government body.在各个凯诺斯场所的绝大多数固定设备必须在相应的地方政府机构处注册。Alterations and/or Repairs can be performed without additional approval subject to the following conditions being met:满足下列条件时，更改和/或维修作业无须额外批准即可进行：,Page 26,WELDING PROCEDURES AND REPAIRS焊接工艺规程和维修,CURRENT ARRANGEMENTS FOR FIXED EQUIPMENT固定设备的当前安排Self Managed Repairs/Alterations自主管理维修/更改Like for Like Replacement/s对等更换Weld Repairs associated with corrosion loss与腐蚀损失关联的焊件维修Additions of same sized nozzles(subject to Code rules related to proximity to other existing nozzles)增加相等大小的管口（需遵循与其他现有管口靠近程度相关的规范法则）,Page 27,WELDING PROCEDURES AND REPAIRS焊接工艺规程和维修,CURRENT ARRANGEMENTS FOR FIXED EQUIPMENT固定设备的当前安排Self Managed Repairs/Alterations自主管理维修/变更All New,or Repairs to,Existing Piping全新或维修现有管道Repairs and/or Modifications to Tanks and other Non-Registered equipment.储罐和其他未登记设备的维修和/或改动。,Page 28,WELDING PROCEDURES AND REPAIRS焊接工艺规程和维修,CURRENT ARRANGEMENTS FOR FIXED EQUIPMENT固定设备的当前安排Major Alterations重大改动Major Alterations often require that we obtain a New Design Approval from the Regional Government Regulator重大改动往往需要从地方政府监管员得到新设计的批准。Following approval,all Welding associated with the Approval must then be fully managed by Qenos.批准后，所有与该批准相关的焊缝须由凯诺斯全面管理。,Page 29,WELDING PROCEDURES AND REPAIRS焊接工艺规程和维修,MODIFICATION TO PIPING管道改动The majority of modification to Piping usually comprises:大多数管道改动通常包括：New Additions新加Alteration to Existing对现有改造Repairs to Existing对现有维修,Page 30,WELDING PROCEDURES AND REPAIRS焊接工艺规程和维修,MODIFICATION TO PIPING管道改动All new Piping fabrication work is done either at the Contractors Workshop or in a Qenos Workshop.所有新管道的制造工作应在承包商车间或凯诺斯车间完成。There is often a number of“tie-in”welds that will need to be done in the field经常有很多的“搭接”焊将需要在现场完成。,Page 31,WELDING PROCEDURES AND REPAIRS焊接工艺规程和维修,MODIFICATION TO PIPING管道改动Depending upon the Design Code and Service Conditions,either Full,Partial,or No Radiographic Inspection will be required.哪些管道需要射线检查，那些不要？根据设计规范和运行条件的不同，将需要完全、部分射线探伤或不需要射线探伤。,Page 32,WELDING PROCEDURES AND REPAIRS焊接工艺规程和维修,MODIFICATION TO PIPING管道改动All Piping Spools will be subjected to a Hydrostatic Test in accordance with Code requirements.所有管节都需按照规范要求进行一次水压测试。Tie-in welds may be ether“plug hydrotested”(if associated with a flange)or be deemed as a“golden-weld”and only radiographed.搭接焊缝可进行“堵管水压测试”（如果与法兰关联）或被视为“黄金焊缝”并仅进行射线探伤。？,Page 33,WELDING PROCEDURES AND REPAIRS焊接工艺规程和维修,MODIFICATION TO PIPING管道改动Following Inspection and Testing,the completed pipe spools will be sent off to a Specialist Abrasive Blasting Contractor who will apply the required surface coating.检查和测试后，完成的管段将被送到一家专业喷砂承包商，其将涂装所需的表面涂层。,Page 34,WELDING PROCEDURES AND REPAIRS焊接工艺规程和维修,MODIFICATION TO PIPING管道改动Where Field Tie-In Welds are specified the Specialist Abrasive Blasting Contractor will initially abrasive blast the whole pipe spool,then apply a tape coating around the designated weld zone.指定现场搭接焊缝时，专业喷砂承包商将在开始时对整个管段进行喷砂，然后将在指定的焊接区域周围缠上胶带层。,Page 35,WELDING PROCEDURES AND REPAIRS焊接工艺规程和维修,MODIFICATION TO PIPING管道改动This zone will be left un-coated to prevent weld contamination.保持此区域无防腐层，以避免焊缝污染。,Page 36,WELDING PROCEDURES AND REPAIRS焊接工艺规程和维修,MODIFICATION TO PIPING管道改动Pipe Coatings specifically apply to:管道防腐层专用于：Those for Nominal Ambient Operation.用于标称环境操作的管道。Those associated with Hot Operation.与动火作业相关的管道。,Page 37,WELDING PROCEDURES AND REPAIRS焊接工艺规程和维修,MODIFICATION TO PIPING管道改动Pipe Coatings specifically apply to:管道防腐层专用于：Those associated with Cold Operation.与冷作相关的管道。Insulated Piping which operates in the Corrosion Under Insulation Temperature range.“保温层下腐蚀”温度范围运行的保温管道。,Page 38,WELDING PROCEDURES AND REPAIRS焊接工艺规程和维修,MODIFICATION TO PIPING管道改动For Corrosion Under Insulation,Qenos incorporates all equipment operating in the Temperature Range of minus 4 deg C to plus 175 deg C.对于“保温层下腐蚀”，凯诺斯采用的所有设备都能在零下4摄氏度到零上175摄氏度的温度范围内工作。,Page 39,WELDING PROCEDURES AND REPAIRS焊接工艺规程和维修,MODIFICATION TO PIPING管道改动Field Tie-In Welds will require a Field Applied Coating.现场搭接焊缝作业需要现场施工的防腐层。Depending upon the nature and the severity,these field coatings may,or may not,be identical to the shop applied coating.根据性质和严重程度的不同，这些现场的防腐层可能与车间涂装的防腐层完全一样，也可能不一样。,Page 40,WELDING PROCEDURES AND REPAIRS焊接工艺规程和维修,WELDING ON EQUIPMENT OTHER THAN VESSELS OR PIPING容器或管道以外设备上的焊缝Repairs to Ethylene Furnace Tubes is an Example of such work.乙烯炉管的维修是此类工作的一个示例。These repairs usually cover the following:这些维修作业一般包含以下步骤：Determining the extent of Carburisation and the need to repair/replace specific tubes.确定渗碳的程度以及维修/替换特定管道的需要。The need to undertake Solution Annealing prior to any Welding work.在任何焊接作业前进行固溶退火的必要性。,Page 41,WELDING PROCEDURES AND REPAIRS焊接工艺规程和维修,WELDING ON EQUIPMENT OTHER THAN VESSELS OR PIPING容器或管道以外设备上的焊缝Repairs to Ethylene Furnace Tubes.乙烯炉管的维修。Repairs cover the following:维修包括以下内容：Ensuring suitable Welding Procedures are available and applicable.确保合适的焊接工艺规程可用与适用。Ensuring Qualified and Experienced Welding Operators are available and that they have recently performed similar repairs.确保能找到有资质和经验的焊接工，并且他们在最近进行过类似的维修。,Page 42,WELDING PROCEDURES AND REPAIRS焊接工艺规程和维修,WELDING ON EQUIPMENT OTHER THAN VESSELS OR PIPING容器或管道以外设备上的焊缝Repairs to Ethylene Furnace Tubes.乙烯炉管的维修。Repairs cover the following:维修包括以下内容：If required,perform mock-up weld trials in workshop.如需要，在车间进行“模拟”焊接试验。Arrange for all NDE work(ensuring that NDE Technicians are both Qualified and Suitably Experienced in the required techniques).安排所有无损探伤工作（确保无损探伤技工拥有所需技术的资质和适当领域的丰富经验）。,Page 43,WELDING PROCEDURES AND REPAIRS焊接工艺规程和维修,WELDING ON EQUIPMENT OTHER THAN VESSELS OR PIPING容器或管道以外设备上的焊缝Repairs to Ethylene Furnace Tubes.乙烯裂解炉管的维修。Repairs cover the following:维修包括以下内容：Specify the extent and sequence of NDE.指定无损探伤的范围和次序。Determine if required,and arrange for any Post Weld Heat Treatment.确定是否需要并安排所有焊后热处理。Fully document all proceedings related to the repair works and store these into SAP.完整记录维修作业的所有相关步骤，并保存在SAP中。,Page 44,WELDING PROCEDURES AND REPAIRS焊接工艺规程和维修,STRUCTURAL STEEL WELDING?结构钢焊接Structural Steel Welding may be performed by either a Contact Welding Company or by In-House Qenos Welders.结构钢的焊接作业可由接触焊公司或凯诺斯的内部焊工进行。All welding is performed in accordance with Structural Welding Standards/Codes.所有的焊接应按照结构焊的标准/规范执行。Welding Operators who are Qualified for Pressure Vessel Welding are deemed to be qualified to perform Structural Steel Welding work.具有压力容器焊接资质的焊工被视为具有结构钢焊接作业的资质。,Page 45,WELDING PROCEDURES AND REPAIRS焊接工艺规程和维修,STRUCTURAL STEEL WELDING结构钢焊接All required Weld Quality work shall be arranged by either the Contract Company or,for In-House fabrication work,by the Qenos Welding Inspector.所有所需的焊缝质量工作应由承包公司安排，或对于内部制造作业由凯诺斯焊接检查员安排。Structural Steel Welds may,or may not require Non Destructive Testing.结构钢焊缝可能需要无损探伤，也可能不需要。,Page 46,WELDING PROCEDURES AND REPAIRS焊接工艺规程和维修,有问题吗？,1、最孤独的时光，会塑造最坚强的自己。2、把脸一直向着阳光，这样就不会见到阴影。3、永远不要埋怨你已经发生的事情，要么就改变它，要么就安静的接受它。4、不论你在什么时候开始，重要的是开始之后就不要停止。5、通往光明的道路是平坦的，为了成功，为了奋斗的渴望，我们不得不努力。6、付出了不一定有回报，但不付出永远没有回报。7、成功就是你被击落到失望的深渊之后反弹得有多高。8、为了照亮夜空，星星才站在天空的高处。9、我们的人生必须励志，不励志就仿佛没有灵魂。10、拼尽全力，逼自己优秀一把，青春已所剩不多。11、一个人如果不能从内心去原谅别人，那他就永远不会心安理得。12、每个人心里都有一段伤痕，时间才是最好的疗剂。13、如果我不坚强，那就等着别人来嘲笑。14、早晨给自己一个微笑，种下一天旳阳光。15、没有爱不会死，不过有了爱会活过来。16、失败的定义：什么都要做，什么都在做，却从未做完过，也未做好过。17、当我微笑着说我很好的时候，你应该对我说，安好就好。18、人不仅要做好事，更要以准确的方式做好事。19、我们并不需要用太华丽的语言来包裹自己，因为我们要做最真实的自己。20、一个人除非自己有信心，否则无法带给别人信心。21、为别人鼓掌的人也是在给自己的生命加油。22、失去金钱的人损失甚少，失去健康的人损失极多，失去勇气的人损失一切。23、相信就是强大，怀疑只会抑制能力，而信仰就是力量。24、那些尝试去做某事却失败的人，比那些什么也不尝试做却成功的人不知要好上多少。25、自己打败自己是最可悲的失败，自己战胜自己是最可贵的胜利。26、没有热忱，世间便无进步。27、失败并不意味你浪费了时间和生命，失败表明你有理由重新开始。28、青春如此华美，却在烟火在散场。29、生命的道路上永远没有捷径可言，只有脚踏实地走下去。30、只要还有明天，今天就永远是起跑线。31、认真可以把事情做对，而用心却可以做到完美。32、如果上帝没有帮助你那他一定相信你可以。33、只要有信心，人永远不会挫败。34、珍惜今天的美好就是为了让明天的回忆更美好。35、只要你在路上，就不要放弃前进的勇气，走走停停的生活会一直继续。36、大起大落谁都有拍拍灰尘继续走。37、孤独并不可怕，每个人都是孤独的，可怕的是害怕孤独。38、宁可失败在你喜欢的事情上，也不要成功在你所憎恶的事情上。39、我很平凡，但骨子里的我却很勇敢。40、眼中闪烁的泪光，也将化作永不妥协的坚强。41、我不去想是否能够成功，既然选了远方，便只顾风雨兼程。42、宁可自己去原谅别人，莫等别人来原谅自己。43、踩着垃圾到达的高度和踩着金子到达的高度是一样的。44、每天告诉自己一次：我真的很不错。45、人生最大的挑战没过于战胜自己！46、愚痴的人，一直想要别人了解他。有智慧的人，却努力的了解自己。47、现实的压力压的我们喘不过气也压的我们走向成功。48、心若有阳光，你便会看见这个世界有那么多美好值得期待和向往。49、相信自己，你能作茧自缚，就能破茧成蝶。50、不能强迫别人来爱自己，只能努力让自己成为值得爱的人。51、不要拿过去的记忆，来折磨现在的自己。52、汗水是成功的润滑剂。53、人必须有自信，这是成功的秘密。54、成功的秘密在于始终如一地忠于目标。55、只有一条路不能选择那就是放弃。56、最后的措手不及是因为当初游刃有余的自己57、现实很近又很冷，梦想很远却很温暖。58、没有人能替你承受痛苦，也没有人能抢走你的坚强。59、不要拿我跟任何人比，我不是谁的影子，更不是谁的替代品，我不知道年少轻狂，我只懂得胜者为。60、如果你看到面前的阴影，别怕，那是因为你的背后有阳光。61、宁可笑着流泪，绝不哭着后悔。62、觉得自己做得到和做不到，只在一念之间。63、跌倒，撞墙，一败涂地，都不用害怕，年轻叫你勇敢。64、做最好的今天，回顾最好的昨天，迎接最美好的明天。65、每件事情都必须有一个期限，否则，大多数人都会有多少时间就花掉多少时间。66、当你被压力压得透不过气来的时候，记住，碳正是因为压力而变成闪耀的钻石。67、现实会告诉你，不努力就会被生活给踩死。无需找什么借口，一无所有，就是拼的理由。68、人生道路，绝大多数人，绝大多数时候，人都只能靠自己。69、不是某人使你烦恼，而是你拿某人的言行来烦恼自己。70、当一个人真正觉悟的一刻，他放弃追寻外在世界的财富，而开始追寻他內心世界的真正财富。71、失败并不意味你浪费了时间和生命，失败表明你有理由重新开始。72、人生应该树立目标，否则你的精力会白白浪费。73、山涧的泉水经过一路曲折，才唱出一支美妙的歌。74、时间告诉我，无理取闹的年龄过了，该懂事了。75、命运是不存在的，它不过是失败者拿来逃避现实的借口。76、人总是在失去了才知道珍惜！77、要铭记在心：每天都是一年中最美好的日子。78、生活远没有咖啡那么苦涩，关键是喝它的人怎么品味！每个人都喜欢和向往随心所欲的生活，殊不知随心所欲根本不是生活。79、别拿自己的无知说成是别人的愚昧！80、天空的高度是鸟儿飞出来的，水无论有多深是鱼儿游出来的。81、思想如钻子，必须集中在一点钻下去才有力量。82、如果我坚持什么，就是用大炮