仁爱英语八级上册知识点.ppt

八年级上册知识点,仁爱英语,Unit 1 Playing Sports Topic 1Are you going to play basketball?,词组1.betweenand 在两者之间2.plan to do sth.计划做某事3.go skating/skiing/bicycling/climbing/hiking 去滑雪/滑冰/骑车/爬山/远足4.for long 很久5.leave for 动身去6.the day after tomorrow 后天,Unit 1 Playing Sports Topic 1Are you going to play basketball?,7.at least 至少8.be good at 善于做某事9.take part in 参加10.all over the world 全世界11.be good for 对有益12.relax oneself 放松某人自己13.Whats your favorite sport?=What sport do you like best?你最喜爱的运动是什么?,重点句型,14.Which sport do you prefer?=Which sport do you like better?你更喜欢什么运动?I prefer skating.=I like skating better.我更喜欢滑雪.15.Do you skate much?=Do you often skate?你常滑雪吗?16.She spends at least half an hour in the gym every day.每天她至少花半小时在体育馆.,重点句型,17.She plays baseball pretty well and she is also good at jumping.她棒球打得相当好而且擅长于跳.18.What kind of sports do you like?=Which sport do you like?你喜欢哪种运动?19.see sb.do sth“看见某人做了某事”强调动作的全过程,常与every day;often等连用.,重点语言点,see sb.doing sth.“看见某人正在做某事”强调动作正在进行.如:I saw her go across the street.我看见她过了马路 I saw her going across the street.我看见她正在过马路.类似的有watch,hear,feel 等这类感观动词.,重点语言点,20.join sb.表示“加入某人的行列”“和某人在一起”join+组织 表示“加入某个组织”take part in 表示“参加/出席某个活动”如:Will you join us?I will join the skiing club.She is planning to take part in the high jump.,重点语言点,21.leave 离开leave for 动身去/离开到如:They are leaving Beijing tomorrow.明天他们要离开北京.They are leaving for Japan the day after tomorrow.后天他们要前往日本.22.how long 表示“多久(时间)”;提问时间段.,重点语言点,how often 表示“多常;多久一次”;提问时间的频率.如:They will stay in Beijing for a week.How long will they stay in Beijing?He plays basketball twice a week.How often does he play basketball?,重点语言点,23.be good at(doing)sth.=do well in(doing)sth.擅长于(做)某事 如:She is good at(playing)baseball.=She does well in(playing)baseball.24.make sth/sb+adj.使某物(某人)在某种状态 keep sth/sb+adj.保持某物(某人)在某种状态 如:Playing soccer can make your body strong.Swimming can help to keep your heart and lungs healthy.,重点语法,一般将来时：（一）be going to 结构:表示主语进行某一将来行动的打算、意图。这种打算常经过预先考虑并含有自己做好某些准备的意思，因此通常认为用be going to表达的行动很可能会见诸实践。如：Im going to play basketball with my classmates this Sunday.,重点语法,我打算本周日和同学们一起打篮球。She is going to buy a sweater for her mother.她打算为她妈妈买一件毛衣。表预测。指根据迹象推测，而且马上或很快就要发生。,重点语法,如：Look at those clouds.Its going to rain.瞧那些乌云！快要下雨了！（二）will+动词原形：表示单纯的将来事实，常与表将来的时间状语如:tomorrow,soon,later,next time(week/month/year)等连用。will not=wont;缩略形式为ll.表示作出立即的决定。这种意图并未经过事先的考虑或计划，是临时的一种决定。,重点语法,如：a.-Please put your things away,Tom.汤姆，把你的东西收拾好。-Im sorry.Ill do it right away.对不起。我马上就去做。b.-Would you like coffee or tea?您要咖啡还是茶？-I will have a cup of tea,please.我要一杯茶。,重点语法,c.Dont worry.Ill help you.别担心。我会帮你的。表示预测。指说话人对于将来的看法、假设和推测。如：Im sure our team will win next time.我确信下次我们队会赢。,重点语法,Maybe she will go to the gym.也许她会去体育馆。表示许诺。如：Ill do better next time.下次我会做得更好的。Ill visit you tomorrow.明天我会去看你的。句式：肯定句：I/She/He/They will go to play baseball soon.,重点语法,否定句：I/She/He/They wont go to play baseball soon.一般疑问句：Will you/she/he/they go to play baseball soon?回答：Yes,I/she/he/they will.No,I/she/he/they wont.（三）动词plan,come,go,leave,fly等用现在进行时表示将要发生的事.,重点语法,如：Im coming.我就来。He is leaving for Shanghai.他将到上海去。We are going to Beijing.我们将去北京。,Topic 2 Would you mind passing me some water?,一、重点词语:词形转换：(1)adj.+ly adv.loud loudly soft softly quiet quietlyclear clearly angry angrily easy easily(2)过去式：,Topic 2 Would you mind passing me some water?,fall fell break broke lose lost throw threw feel felt(二)词组:be a little far from 离有点远 right away=at once 立刻;马上do ones best 尽某人的力be sure to do sth.确定做某事be angry with 生某人的气,Topic 2 Would you mind passing me some water?,with ones help=with the help of sb.在某人的帮助下turn up/down 调高/低（音量）keep sb.doing sth.让某人一直做某事in a minute 一分钟后；马上never mind 不要紧love/enjoy doing sth.喜爱/欢做某事,Topic 2 Would you mind passing me some water?,as well 也throwinto 把投进follow/obey the rules 遵守规则more and more people 越来越多的人instead of 替代 ask sb.to do sth.叫某人做某事build up 增进;增强,重点句型,Could you please do me a favor?=Could you help me?=Could you give me a hand?你能帮我吗？Would you mind teaching me?=Would you please teach me?你教我好吗？You are always so careless.你总是这样粗心大意.Let me buy you a new one.=Let me buy a new one for you.让我为你买一个新的。,重点语言点,ill 与 sick 都表示“生病的”,只能作表语而既可作表语也可作定语.如:The man is ill/sick.那个男人病了.(作表语)He is a sick man.他是个病人.(作定语)Would you mind(not)doing sth?表示“(不)做某事介意/好吗?”如:Would you mind coming and checking it?来修理它好吗?,重点语言点,Would you mind not smoking here?不要在这儿吸烟好/介意吗?3.one of+名词复数 表示“其中之一”,主语是one,表单数.如:One of my teammates is strong and tall.其中我的一个队友又高又壮。4.miss“错过,思念,遗失”如:I missed the last bus yesterday.昨天我错过最后一班车.,重点语言点,He missed his mother.他想念他的母亲.My God!I missed(=lost)my key.天啊!我把钥匙弄丢了.5.be sure to do sth.=be sure that+句子“确定做某事”如:We are sure to win next time.=We are sure that we will win next time.,重点语言点,我们确信下次一定会赢。be sorry for“为某事抱歉”be sorry to do sth.=be sorry(that)+句子“很抱歉做了某事”如:I am very sorry for what I said.我为我所说的话感到抱歉.Im sorry I lost your book.=Im sorry to lose your book.很抱歉弄丢你的书。,重点语言点,8.15-year-old“15岁的”15 years old“15岁”如:He is a 15-year-old boy.=The boy is 15 years old.9.instead“替代;相反”,一般单独使用,放在句末,前面用逗号隔开.instead of“替代;而不,相反”如:I wont go to Shanghai.Ill go to Beijing,instead.我不会去上海而会去北京.,重点语言点,=Ill go to Beijing instead of Shanghai.I drank a lot of milk instead of water.我喝了许多牛奶而不是水.have fun doing sth.=enjoy doing sth.表示“从做.中获得乐趣”如:I have great fun running.=I enjoy running.我总能在跑步中得到很大乐趣。,Topic 3 which sport will you take part in?,重点词组:join the English club 加入英语俱乐部fill out 填出/好all the interesting places 所有有趣的地方quite a lot 相当多make friends with 与交朋友,Topic 3 which sport will you take part in?,be free 有空see you then 再见every four years 每四年;每隔三年behave well 举止得体improve the environment 改善环境,Topic 3 which sport will you take part in?,a symbol of 一种的象征stand for 代表do morning exercises 做早操be fond of(doing)sth.喜欢(做)某事,重点句型,1.which sport will you take part in?你将会参加什么运动？2.Ill be in the long jump and the high jump?I hope so.3.Hello!is that Michael?4.when shall wo meet?5.lets make it half past six.,重点语言点,fill out+名词“填好”fill+名词/代词+out如:Please fill out this form.=Please fill this form out.请填好这张表格.Please fill it/them out.(当宾语是代词时,只能放中间)请把它(们)填好.be afraid“恐怕”指有礼貌地、委婉地拒绝别人.,重点语言点,be afraid of“害怕(做)”如:Im afraid I wont be free.我恐怕没有空.He is afraid of dogs.他害怕狗.They are afraid of losing the game.他们害怕输了比赛.may be“可能是”may是情态动词+be,重点语言点,maybe“或许;可能”maybe是副词如:He may be a teacher.=Maybe he is a teacher.他可能是一名老师.He may know her name.=Maybe he knows her name.他可能知道她的名字.between 在两者之间among 在三者或三者当中如:The answer is between A and B.答案在A和B 之间.,重点语言点,The winner is among of us.获胜者在我们当中.5.There be 句型的一般将来时 正:There will be a sports meeting in our school this weekend.=There is going to be a sports meeting in our school this weekend.误:There will have a sports meeting in our school this weekend.,Unit 2 Keeping Healthy,Topic 1 Youd better go to see a doctor,重点词组,have a(bad/terrible)cold 患（重）感冒Have a toothache/backache/headache/stomachache 牙痛/背痛/头痛/胃痛have a cough/fever 患咳嗽/发高烧have the flu 得了流感have a sore throat 喉咙发炎,重点词组,take/have a(good)rest（好好）休息sleep well 睡得好drink a lot of boiled water 多喝开水have a good sleep 好好睡一觉feel terrible 感到难受take sb.to 带某人去,重点词组,take some medicine/pills 吃药day and night 日日夜夜bad luck 倒霉lie down 躺下brush ones teeth 刷牙have an accident 出了事故/意外,重点词组,send sb.to.送某人去notuntil 直到才.get well 恢复健康plenty of 充足;大量,重点句型,You should see a dentist.你应该看牙医。You shouldnt lift heavy things.你不应该提重物。You look pale.你看起来气色不好,很苍白.Youd better go to see a doctor.你最好去看医生.,重点句型,Youd better not go to school today.今天你最好不要去上学.Thank you for your flowers and fruit.谢谢你送来的鲜花和水果.I couldnt read them until today.直到今天我才读了他们.,重点语言点,medicine“药”为不可数名词pill“药片”为可数名词如:take some medicine 吃些药 take some cold pills 吃些感冒药with“含有”without“没有”Go to school without(eating)breakfast.没吃早饭去上学。,重点语言点,hot tea with honey 加蜜的茶 Chinese tea with nothing=Chinese tea without anything 中国清茶until“直到为止”;句中动词一般为延续性动词not until.“直到才”;句中动词一般为短暂性动词 如:He will wait for his father until ten oclock.他将等他父亲一直到10点为止.,重点语言点,He wont leave until his father comes.直到他父亲来他才离开.bothand.“和(两者)都”;当主语时,谓语动词用复数.如:I know both Jim and Tom.吉姆和汤姆俩人我都认识.Both Jim and I are 16 years old.我和吉姆都是16岁.,Topic 2 I must ask him to give up smoking?,重点词组:look tired 看起来很累stay up 熬夜play sports right after meals 饭后适当运动take a fresh breath 呼吸新鲜空气be necessary for 对于来说是必不可少的,Topic 2 I must ask him to give up smoking?,in the daytime 在白天throw litter about 乱扔垃圾get enough sleep 得到足够的睡眠exercise on an empty stomach 空腹锻炼=without eating anythingneed to do sth 需要做某事become sick 生病,Topic 2 I must ask him to give up smoking?,keep the air clean and fresh 保持空气清新sweep the floors 打扫地板as we know 众所周知choose the wrong food 选择错误的（不健康的）食品in different ways 用不同的方法make us sick 使我们生病,重点句型,I see.Staying up late is bad for your health.我明白了.熬夜有害你的健康.(动名词短语做主语)2.How did Wang Jun get a headache?王俊怎样患上头痛的？Is going to bed early good or bad for your health?Its good.早点睡觉对你的健康有益还是有害?有益.(选择问句要根据事实回答),重点句型,Walking is good exercise and it is necessary for good health.散步是很好的锻炼,是身体健康必不可少.The boy becomes sick.那个男孩生病了.As we know,food gives us enery.众所周知,食物给我们提供能量.,重点句型,If we eat too little or too much food,or if we choose the wrong food,it can make us sick.如果我们吃得太少或太多,或者食物的选择不当会生病的.,重点语法,情态动词:must“必须,一定”如:We must study hard.我们必须努力学习.mustnt“不可以”如:You mustnt walk on the lawn.你不可以在草坪上行走.should“应该”如:We should finish it on time.我们应该按时完成它.shouldnt“不该”如:You shouldnt go to school late.你不该上学迟到.,重点语法,had better“最好”如：You had better go to bed early.你最好早睡。had better not“最好不”如：You had better not go to bed late.你最好不要迟睡。may“可以”如:May I come in?我可以进来吗?“可能”如:You may get a headache when you work too hard.当你工作太努力时,你可能会头疼.,Topic 3 Must we do exercise to prevent the flu?,重点词组:talk with 与交谈hurry up 赶紧/快go ahead=go on 继续（问）spread easily 易传播be afraid of 害怕,Topic 3 Must we do exercise to prevent the flu?,do ones best to do sth 尽力做某事keep away from animals 远离动物do house cleaning 打扫屋子all the time=always 总是/一直,Topic 3 Must we do exercise to prevent the flu?,examine the patients 检查病人take a message 捎口信take care of 照顾=look after/care fortell/ask sb.to do sth 叫某人做某事leave a message 留口信take an active part in 积极参加,Topic 3 Must we do exercise to prevent the flu?,care for patients 照顾病人spend the time 度过时光on the phone/Internet 在电话中/在互联网上enjoy oneself 过得愉快tell sb.a story/stories 给某人讲故事take some Chinese medicine 吃些中药,重点语言点,talk with sb.表“与交流”,指“与人平等地交流、讨论”talk to sb.表示“找某人谈话”,在口语中常“责备某人”如:Jims father is talking with the teacher.吉姆的父亲正在和老师交谈.I will talk to him about his careless.我要找他谈话,批评他的粗心大意.常用的反身代词词组:,重点语言点,take care of oneself=look after oneself 照顾某人自己teach oneself=learn by oneself 自学enjoy oneself=have a good time玩得高兴help sb(to)do sth=help sb.with sth.帮助某人做某事如:I helped my mother cook at home.=I helped my mother with the cook at home.我在家帮我母亲做饭.,重点语法,(一)情态动词:must 与 have to must 必须;一定”,表示有做某一动作的必要或义务,侧重表达说话者的主观看法.（只有一种时态）如：We must wash hands before meals.饭前我们必须洗手.We must eat healthy food.我们必须吃健康的食物.,重点语法,have to“不得不,必须”,侧重表示因客观条件或客观环境的迫使而不得不做某事（可用于各种时态）如：Its too late.I have to go now.太迟了.现在我得走了.I had to borrow some money at that time.那时我不得不借了一些钱.*-Must we keep the windows open all the time?,重点语法,-No,we dont have to./No,we neednt.(注意回答时不能用No,we mustnt.)(二)电话用语:Hello!Could/May I speak to,please?你好!我能跟通话吗?May I take a message?我能捎个口信吗?This is Kangkang.我是康康.Hello!Whos that?你好!你是谁?,Unit3 Our Hobbies,Topic 1 what hobbies did you use to have?,重点词汇,hobby 爱好 vacation假期 painting 绘画 friendship友谊 knowledge 知识 daily 每日的 whether 是否 such as 例如 used to do sth.过去常常做某事 take a bath 洗澡 be interested in 对感兴趣go dancing 跳舞 go boating 划船,重点词汇,play volleyball 打排球 swimming 游泳drawing 画画 collecting stamps 集邮 collecting coins 收藏硬币listening to pop music 听流行音乐 listening to classical music 听古典音乐listening to symphony 听交响乐 walking in the countryside 在乡间散步,重点句型,1.Wow!So many stamps!(Page 53)哇，那么多的邮票！本句意为：There are so many stamps.?so many意思是“那么多”，so much意思也是“那么多”。如：1）There are so many flowers.Or:?So many flowers！这里有这么多的花。,重点句型,2)There is so much water on the table.Or:So much water!桌子上有那么多的水。?2.We can learn a lot about people,places,history,and special times from stamps.通过这些邮票我们可以学到许多关于人文、地理、历史和特殊时代的知识。,重点句型,a lot“许多、大量”，用在动词后，同very much。如:1）She had told me a lot about how to learn English well.她告诉我许多有关怎样学好英语的方法。,重点句型,2）Thanks a lot.非常感谢。any 用在疑问句、条件从句中，可以翻译为“什么”、“一些”。如:1)Are there any letters for me?这有我的信吗？2)If you have any trouble,please let me know.如果你有什么困难，请告诉我。,重点句型,4.What things do you love collecting?你喜欢集什么东西？love+doing表示“喜欢、爱好”，也可以用like+doing表示。如：1）I love listening to the music.我爱好听音乐。,重点句型,2）I love skating.我喜欢溜冰。5.I am interested in playing sports.我对运动感兴趣。be interested in(doing)sth.“对感兴趣”如:1）I?am interested in reading books.我对读书特别感兴趣。,重点句型,2）Jack is interested in football.杰克对足球很感兴趣。6.What do you often do in your spare time?(Page 55)在你的业余时间里面你都做些什么啊？,重点句型,in ones spare time“在业余时间”“在闲暇之际”，也可用in ones free time替换。如:1）I shall do it in my spare time.我会在我的业余时间做这件事。2)Are you going hiking this weekend?这个周末你打算去远足吗？8.And I do a lot of reading.(Page 55)我通常都是阅读一些书籍。,重点句型,在英语中有不少由“do+doing”的结构，表示“干某事”。如：散步?do some walking?do a lot of walking读书?do some?readingdo a lot of reading?11.Why not go out and do some outdoor activities?为什么不走出去做一些户外运动呢？13.My interests are changing all the time.我的兴趣爱好总是在不断地改变。,重点句型,all the time“总是、一直”。14.And I wasnt interested in sports at all.我对运动一点兴趣都没有。not.at all“一点也不”；“全然不”。如：1）I didnt mind it at all.我一点也不在意。2）Thank you for helping me.谢谢你帮助我。,重点句型,Not at all.没关系。3）He didnt know that at all.他对此事一无所知。16.I never miss any important soccer games.我从未错过任何一场重要的足球比赛。never“未曾、从未”，表示否定,重点句型,18.I enjoy listening to rock music我喜欢听摇滚音乐。19.Did you use to go swimming during summer vacations?在暑假里，你过去经常去游泳么？during“在的期间、在的时候”。如：1）The sun gives us light during the daytime.太阳在白天给我们阳光。,重点句型,20I used to do that in the pond in front of my house.我过去常在我家门前的池塘里游泳。in front of“在的前面”；指在物体外部的前面。而in the front of“的前部”；指在物体内部的前面，即前部。注意它们的区别,重点句型,23.They also paint pictures or collect things such as coins,dolls or stamps.他们也绘画或者收集一些东西，例如：硬币、娃娃或邮票such as“像、比如、诸如”如：1）We study several subjects,such as Chinese,maths,English and physics.我们学习很多的科目，比如语文、数学、英语和物理。,语法学习,1.I used to listen to rock music but now I collect telephone cards and paintings.我过去常听摇滚乐，可现在我集电话卡和画。used to do sth.这一结构表示过去的习惯（过去经常反复发生的动作）或状态（暗含的意思是现在已不复存在），只有一种形式，即过去式，用于所有人称。used to的否定形式为：used not to do或didnt use to do。疑问句为Used you to.?或 Did you use to.?如：,语法学习,1）I used to go to school on foot.我过去步行上学。（暗含的意思是：我现在不再步行上学了。）另外，注意be used to doing sth.与used to do sth.的区别：be used to doing sth“习惯于，适应于”如:1）He is used to working hard.他习惯于努力地工作。,语法学习,2）He used to bring me roses when he came to see me.过去他来看我时,常带玫瑰花。3）Im used to doing jogging in the morning now.我习惯于早上慢跑。be used to do sth.“某物被用来做某事”。如：1）Wood is used to make paper.木材被用来生产纸张。2）Computers can be used to do a lot of work now.如今电脑可用来做许多事。,Topic2 what sweet music!,重点词汇pity遗憾 concert 音乐会 violin 小提琴 sweet 悦耳的continue doing sth.继续做某事 be born 出生 set up 建立classical music 古典音乐 everyday life 日常生活 be famous for 因而著名 look for 寻找,重点句型,1And it sounds great!听起来好极了。sound 系动词“听起来”，系动词后常与形容词连用。2.What kind of musical instrument can you play?你会弹什么种类的乐器？kind 是“种类，类型”的意思。如：a kind