中考英语《短文填空技巧解析》ppt课件.ppt

英语填空技巧解析,填空,解题技巧,一、填空的特点是什么？,完形填空是一种旨在考查学生语法和词汇知识综合运用能力的典型题，难易程度与初中教材相当，词数在180-250左右。文中平均每隔25个词左右设空。学生通过推理判断，综合分析等将答案填入空白处，使短文前后连贯、意思通顺、结构完整合理。,1.跳过空格，通读短文，了解大意。2.复读短文，确定语义，判断词形。A.)利用上下文的语境，结合所学过的知识，先确定空格处所需词语的意义.B.)再根据空格在句子中的位置，判断其在句中充当的成分，从而确定所填词的词性，再依据词语搭配和语法规则，判断所填的词的正确形式。3.通读短文，检查答案。,英语短文填空解题技巧：,二、填空的设空规律有哪些？,（一）从文章结构看,首句通常不设空，以便考生对短文前提和背景有个较清楚的了解，从而使考生尽快熟悉语境、推测文章大意。2.短文设空平均密度为25个单词一个空。,中考完形填空抛弃了传统的“语法知识型”命题模式，转变成“情境能力型”的命题趋势。它的一个显著特点就是突出语篇，即重在文意的干扰，把具体的语言知识融进具体的语言情境中去，考查学生通过上下文对整体文意进行把握的能力。,二、填空的设空规律有哪些？,（二）从语言层次看考点设计对把握语段的要求在提高。我们可以把考点分为三个层次，即句子层次、句群层次和语篇层次,句子层次的设空,例：(2007年中考英语试卷 完形填空四选一 保留原题号)I 90 you were very busy then helping your friend get ready for her wedding I am sure it was a success.A.remember B.explainC.hope D.expect,答案：A,指那些只需读懂设空所在句便可选出答案的题目。,二、填空的设空规律有哪些？,2.句群层次的设空,前制性设空,后制性设空,指根据上下文的内容，经过推理判断可以得到答案的题目,即根据上文有关内容即可确定答案的题目。,指那些需要根据下文内容才能选出正确答案 的题目/下文某处有提示。,二、填空的设空规律有哪些？,前制性设空例：It was an English speech contest.My mother asked me to take part in it.What a terrible idea!It meant I had to _ in front of all the teachers and students of my school!,后制性设空例：1).Nobody _ him in the village.One day he said to them,“I know you dont like me”2).Country music comes from _ kinds of music.One is the traditional music of tall mountain people in the eastern United States.The other is traditional cowboy music from the American West.,speak,liked,two,二、填空的设空规律有哪些？,3.语篇性设空 I work as a volunteer for an organization that helps the poor in Haiti.Recently I took my son Barrett there for a week,hoping to 1 him achieved all Id expected.Soon he will celebrate his 18th birthday.He will be a man.(最后一句话)()1.A.comfort B.please C.attract D.educate,D,指那些需要联系全文的情境、内容才能确定正确答案的设空。,考查方向:正确理解和书写英语单词命题形式:短文中10个空需要填上适当的单词.(wu首字母或中文提示)所占比例:10空 15 分特别提醒：所有的单词都必须根据上下文来确定。必须注意词形的变化，包括名词的单复数、动词的时态、形容词和副词的比较级（最高级）等。,中考英语新题型短文填空,词形的变换,冠词：a/an/the基数词,序数词：1,2,3（基）;第X(序)名词：单复数形式,所有格的用法动词：时态 语态（主被动）的变化形容词、副词：比较等级的用法代词：单复数 人称代词 反身代词 指示代 词 关系代词 不定代词 等的用法连词：并列与从属连词的用法,词形的变换,名词：单复数形式,所有格的用法GZ is one of the most beautiful _.(城市)I met a friend of _（她的）.All the _(绵羊)like to eat grass.,cities,hers,sheep,词形的变换,动词：时态 语态（主被动）的变化Everyone in our class _(喜欢)watching cartoons.Ill spend as much time as I can _(读)these stories.Yesterday we _(prevent)from getting to school by the heavy rain.,likes,reading,were prevented,语态主动：v/be/情态动词被动：be+p.p.,词形的变换,形容词 副词：比较等级的用法He can _(容易)swim across the river.Because of this,your name is _loved by your parents than you.,easily,more,词形的变换,代词：单复数 人称代词 反身代词 指示代 词 关系代词 不定代词 等的用法You can throw _,kick it or hit it.Taking too many selfies(自拍)seems to encourage(鼓励)people to only think of _.They are very good friends and they almost do _ together.,it,themselves,everything,自己,指示代 词it 它/这/不译this(这个),these(这些)指在时间或空间上较近的人或者事物that(那个),those(那些)指在时间或空间上较远的人或者事物,不定代 词,连词,1 September 10th is T_Day.,2.The f _ day of the week is Sunday.,3.A good b _ makes a good ending.,4.When you laugh,you will o_ your mouth and your teeth.,irst,pen,eginning,5.Last Sunday，we played h_ in the park,though we were very tired.,eachers,appily,6.He was very a with the man upstairs and began to shout，“Stop singing！”,ngry,10.In autumn after a strong wind,the ground is often covered with fallen l_,eaves,7.This book belongs to Mary.It is h_.,9.For years,we played other peoples songs,b_ now we play mostly our own songs.,ers,ut,8.Mrs Green said to the twins,“Help y_ to some fish please.”,ourselves,1.September 10th is Teachers Day.,2.In autumn after a strong wind,the ground is often covered with fallen leaves.,首先考虑名词的单、复数，然后注意名词所有格。,3.We could not run faster than cheetahs,so we _(发明)cars and now we can move the fastest,考虑动词的时态。语态变化。,4.When you laugh,you will o_ your mouth and your teeth.,invented,pen,appily,6.Summer is the hottest season of the year.,注意形容词、副词的比较等级的变化。,5.Last Sunday，we played h_ in the park,though we were very tired.,8.Mrs Green said to the twins.“Help yourselves to some fish please.”,此处考代词用法。,7.Help yourself to some fish，Jim.,9.This book belongs to Mary.It is hers.,10.For years,we played other peoples songs,but now we play mostly our own songs.,11.She didnt go to school yesterday，because she was ill.,此处考连词,Through some efforts,rescuers cleaned up the ruins _（仔细）which covered the mum.Under her body _(躺)her baby.The baby was in a small red quilt with yellow flowers.He was about 3 or 4 mold.B the baby was well(保护)by his mothers body,he was very safe.He was sleeping well when the rescuer carried him out,and his lovely and pface warmed everyone around him.The rescuer found there was a mobile p_ in the quilt.When he looked at the screen,a message was already there.“My dear baby,if you could l,dont forget how mI love you.”Everyone w_ saw this message burst into tears.,rescuers(救援人员)ruins 废墟,carefully,lay,onths,protected,ecause,eaceful,ive,uch,ho,hone,Fill in each blank with the right form,直击中考,Through some efforts,rescuers cleaned up the ruins _（仔细）which covered the mum.Under her body _(躺)her baby.The baby was in a small red quilt with yellow flowers.He was about 3 or 4 mold.B the baby was well(保护)by his mothers body,he was very safe.He was sleeping well when the rescuer carried him out,and his lovely and pface warmed everyone around him.The rescuer found there was a mobile p_ in the quilt.When he looked at the screen,a message was already there.“My dear baby,if you could l,dont forget how mI love you.”Everyone w_ saw this message burst into tears.,carefully,lay,onths,protected,ecause,eaceful,ive,uch,ho,hone,根据上下语境,判断词义:,He was sleeping well,确定词义后,判断词形,cleaned up,rescuers(救援人员)ruins 废墟,The idea of Fathers Day came from an A_lady called Dodd in 1909.She wanted a _（特别的）day to honour her father.He(抚养)six children by h after his wife died during the birth of their s_ child.Dodd thought there needed to be a day to honour great and loving dads.Her father was born on June 19.so she chose to hold the first Fathers Day celebration on his b in 1910.In 1924,US president liked the idea of a national Fathers Day.Finally,in 1966,the third Sunday in June was n _Fathers Day.There are many w to show your love and thanks.,merican,ixth,six,US president,raised,imself,irthday,special,amed,ays,Step1 The passage is about.Step2 The meaning of each blank Step3 The right form of each word Step4 Read the passage again to check the answers,Exercise,Honour 纪念,Dear friends,Im sorry to hear that an earthquake happened to your hometown.The earthquake _(毁坏)your hometown.Lots of h_fell down and some of you cant see your families any longer.Please dont feel s_.You should believe in the Party,the government and the people in the country.You should be full of wishes b_ the Party,the government and the people are with you all the time and they take care of you.They try their b_ to solve your troubles.They give away their money and many t_to you and they _(捐献)blood for you.So you should take care of y_.In the future,you should do something u_for our country to _(回报)for their loves.Yours,XXX,destroyed,ouses,ad,ecause,est,ourselves,answer,donate,seful,hings,中考实战演练（一）,All around the world,people drink tea.But tea does not _(意味着)(1)the same thing to e_(2).In different countries people have very different i_(3)about drinking tea.In China people always have tea _(一起）(4)with their friends.They may drink tea at any time of the day.They only put tea leaves in their cups.They l_(5)the tea with nothing _（其他的）(6)in it.Tea is also i_(7)in Japan.It is very p_(8)there.People drink tea every day.But they have it in a way different from that in China.In the USA people drink tea at breakfast or after m_(9).They usually use tea bags to make their tea.Making tea with bags is faster and e_(10)than making it with tea leaves in teapots.,mean,veryone,deas,together,ike,else,mportant,eals,opular,asier,中考实战演练（二）,2.26-meter-tall Yao Ming made his NBA debut(初次登台)on October 23,2002 and got 6 points for the Houston Rockets in the game.The next day,he got 13 points in a_ game.Most people think that Yao Ming is a born basketball player.But Yao said,“When you watch it on TV,it looks very easy.But when you are playing in the NBA,it is r_ not so easy.”He said that joining the Houston Rockets was a new _（开端）and a new challenge.“I hope that through very h_ work I can make everyone happy and help the Rockets w_ more games,”he said.Yao Ming speaks some English.B_ he and his teammates can u_ each other.They dont think there is a language problem.While Yao Ming faces this new challenge,the people of Houston have shown great i_ in him，and they hope Yan Ming will bring new _(活力)to the Rockets.The team has started having lessons to learn more about China,and many people who work for the Rockets have learned to speak some C_.,nother,eally,start,ard,in,oth,nderstand,nterest,energy,hinese,Homework,Thank you!Goodbye!,We sometimes call the lion“the king of the jungle”because it is stronger and more dangerous than other animals.It can r_faster than many animals and it can hunt the best.It is the highest animal in the l_food chain.In the sea,the shark is one of the animals at the top of the food chain.It can s_ faster than most other sea animals,and it can use its big _(牙齿)to eat them.What is at the top of the worlds food chain?People are!We are not the biggest or fastest,but we are the c_.We could not run faster than cheetahs,so we invented cars and now we can move the fastest.We could not c_better than lions,so we invented guns.Now we can hunt the best.Peoples inventions are clever,but they can be _(危险的),too.For example,people invented factories,and now they make the air and r_ dirty.This can make many changes.Dirty rivers kill fish.Then bears cannot eat the fish and the bears die.If we kill one part of the food chain,the other parts also die.Remember that we are a part of the food chain,s_ we are in danger too!If we protect animals,we are protecting _(自己)!We should and we could do something for the world!,un,and,teeth,leverest,atch,dangerous,ivers,o,urselves,wim,