中考英语完形填空专题课件.ppt

Free talk,What do you think of cloze(完形填空） ?Is it easy or hard for you?,K2 - the second highest mountain in the world,Why climb? Because its there!,I came, I saw, I conquered（征服）. (by Caesar),（一） 完形填空题考什么？,1、词法及词义辨析,2、固定短语搭配,3、上下文逻辑关系,4、文化背景及生活常识,一、完形填空题型分析解读,（二） 河南中考完形填空题的特点,突出语篇，强调应用，注重语境。,2. 辨析词义，以实词为主。,3. 题材多为记叙文，叙议结合。,文化习俗 科普知识 著名人物 幽默故事日常生活人生百味,完形填空的题材、文体分类,题材,文体,记叙 议论 说明,四人一组讨论2013年河南省中考英语完形填空的题材、文体和文章大意，并说出每小题的答案及解题的思路。,groupwork,Task 1,2013年河南省中考英语完形填空,King Akbar was in the habit of putting riddles and puzzles to his people.He often asked36which were strange. His people had to use words in a37way to answer these questions. Once he asked a very strange question. He looked at his people.38he looked, one by one the heads began to hang low in search of an answer. It was at this moment that Birbal entered the palace. Birbal39the habit of the king. He understood the40at once and asked, May I know the question so that I can41for an answer? Akbar said, How many crows (乌鸦)are there in this city? 42even a moments thought, Birbal replied There are fifty thousand five hundred and eighty nine crows, my lord. How can you be so43?” asked Akbar. Birbal said, Make you men44, My lord. If you find more crows it means some have come to visit their relatives(亲戚) here. If you find45crows it means some have gone to visit their relatives elsewhere. Akbar was pleased very much by Birbals wise answer.,( ) 36.A. questions B. help C. promise D. advice ( ) 37. A. common B. friendly C. clever D. silent( ) 38. A. Though B. Because C. If D. As( ) 39. A. knew B. developedC. hated D. doubted( ) 40. A. order B. informationC. danger D. situation( ) 41. A. ask B. wait C. try D. reach( ) 42. A. Before B. Without C. Through D. In( ) 43.A. smart B. brave C. fanny D. sure( ) 44. A. catch B. discuss C. count D. visit( ) 45. A. fewer B. larger C. faster D. older,2013河南省中考完形填空考点解析 本题材为一篇幽默故事。题目设置上较注重对语篇整体理解能力和词义辨析的考查。根据语篇上下文的语意、逻辑和句法寻找线索，进行合理的推理和猜测，就能做出正确的选择。,36A【解析】考查名词意义辨析。宾语questions提示和动词ask构成动宾关系，表示“问问题”，由下一段第一句可知Akbar经常会问奇怪的问题。37. C【解析】考查形容词意义辨析。前文had to “不得不”，提示下文用形容词clever表示“明智的；聪明的”。38.D【解析】考查连词意义辨析。下文“他的臣民们低下头寻找答案”可知前文是时间状语从句，用as引导时间状语从句表示“当时候”。39.A【解析】考查动词意义辨析。根据下句“他立刻明白了当前的形势”可知上文是伯巴勒“知道”国王猜谜的习惯。用动词knew表示“知道；了解”。40.D【解析】考查名词意义辨析。承接上文“他了解国王的习惯”，说明他明白当时的“形势”，用situation表示“情况；形势”。41.C【解析】考查动词意义辨析。动词try和for连用，try for表示“谋求；尝试”，和answer构成动宾关系，表示“寻找一个答案”。42.B【解析】考查介词意义辨析。下文他立刻说出了一个具体数字，和even“甚至”的提示意义说明上文是“甚至没有经过片刻的思索”，用介词without表示“无；没有”，表示否定意义。43.D【解析】考查形容词意义辨析。对于他说出的具体数字，根据常理推测，国王是询问“你如何能这么确信？”be sure表示“确信的；有把握的”。44.C【解析】考查动词意义辨析。承接上文，伯巴勒回答国王的问题是“让你的臣民们数一下”，用动词count表示“数”，和上面的数字对应。45.A【解析】考查形容词比较级意义辨析。综合这两句话的意义“如果多了就是有来走亲戚的；如果少了，是去走亲戚了”可以推断空格处用fewer，表示“少”这一意义，和上句的more对应。,二、完形填空的解题方法和技巧,尽管看起来形式上有残缺（若干个空），但它的内容和语言习惯、句与句之间的衔接点、句子与段落之间的联系、段落与段落之间的逻辑顺序仍或隐或现地存在于篇章之中。因此，在做完形填空题时，通读全文、明了大意、理清观点、分清层次是十分重要的一步。我们必须自始至终依托语境，注意上下文之间、词与词之间、从语法到意义的合理搭配。,原则上讲完形填空的每一道题都有暗示即clues, 有的在本句中，有的在前，称为前提示，有的在后，称为后暗示,有的暗含于语篇中。,要充分利用首句的标示作用 第一句往往是全篇的关键句，首句一般不设空，它有概括和预示全文大意的作用，是判断文章体裁并预测全文主旨、大意的突破口，常含有解题和理解文章的有用信息。（when,where,who,what,how),要注意尾句的提示和总结作用,故事的结局问题的结论幽默或富有哲理的结尾,留意文章中有中文注释的词有注释的词往往对理解短文和解题有帮助。,Step 1 抓住首尾，了解短文,完形填空。 共205词 推荐做题时间 10分钟,Xiao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too many activitiesHis father 1 him away from school four afternoons a week and drives him across town to practice“I do most of my 2 in the car when we are 3 to practice，and I have to do the rest when I get homeI am too tried, I just want to sleep.” He said. “More and more kids become unhappy 4 they have too many activities to do.” said Mr. Wang，an expert(专家)of child development“4lof the children aged 9-13 said they felt 5 most of the time，and more than 750f them said that they wished they had more 6 to play.” “Over-scheduling (过量的课程安排) is a growing problem for Chinese families.” said Mr. WangIt is not good for both kids and their parents. More families eat dinner 7 or often eat fast food 8 their way to football practice or music lessons. We all know it is important for kids to learn how to relax. If they dont learn that now, it will be more difficult to learn when they get 9 . Kids need time to relax. Parents should 10 about what is right for kids.,Practice,可以推测： 这篇文章是介绍青少年日常生活中过重课程安排，占用了孩子们大量的课余时间，成了影响他们健康成长的社会问题，,首句： Xiao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too many activities第三段首句：“Over-scheduling (过量的课程安排) is a growing problem for Chinese families.”中文注释： an expert (专家)尾句： Kids need time to relax. Parents should 10 about what is right for kids.,撇开选项不谈，单从这些句子中，我们可以捕捉到如下信息： （1）XiaoQiang 是个12岁中国男孩。 （2）他有许多活动。 （3）专家认为过量的课程安排是个问题 。（4）孩子们需要时间休息。,Step 2 通读全文, 把握脉络 Xiao Qiang，,通过跳过空格，通览全文，我们明白了大意、理清了观点、分清了层次。 本文讲述了许多青少年学生在课余时间奔走于各种各样的after school activities 的问题，专家呼吁Kids need time to relax.,Xiao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too manyactivitiesHis father 1 him away from school four afternoons a week and drives him across town to practice“I do most of my 2 in the car when we are 3 to practice，and I have to do therest when I get homeI am too tried, I just want to sleep.” Hesaid. “More and more kids become unhappy 4 they have toomany activities to do.” said Mr. Wang，an expert(专家)of child development“4lof the children aged 9-13 said they felt 5 most of the time，and more than 750f them said that theywished they had more 6 to play.” “Over-scheduling (过量的课程安排) is a growing problem forChinese families.” said Mr. WangIt is not good for both kidsand their parents. More families eat dinner 7 or often eat fastfood 8 their way to football practice or music lessons. We allknow it is important for kids to learn how to relax. If they dont learn that now, it will be more difficult to learn when they get9 . Kids need time to relax. Parents should 10 about what is right for kids.,跳过空格通读短文：,Step 3 瞻前顾后，上下求索,本着先易后难的原则，先根据上下文和自己的语感，推测部分空格的可能答案，并划出语篇标志和答题暗示。然后，再结合选项逐一敲定。,完形填空。 （共205词 推荐做题时间 10分钟）,Xiao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too many activitiesHis father 1 him away from school four afternoons a week and drives him across town to practice“I do most of my 2 in the car when we are 3 to practice，and I have to do the rest when I get homeI am too tried, I just want to sleep.” He said. “More and more kids become unhappy 4 they have too many activities to do.” said Mr. Wang，an expert(专家)of child development“4lof the children aged 9-13 said they felt 5 most of the time，and more than 750f them said that they wished they had more 6 to play.” “Over-scheduling (过量的课程安排) is a growing problem for Chinese families.” said Mr. WangIt is not good for both kids and their parents. More families eat dinner 7 or often eat fast food 8 their way to football practice or music lessons. We all know it is important for kids to learn how to relax. If they dont learn that now, it will be more difficult to learn when they get 9 . Kids need time to relax. Parents should 10 about what is right for kids.,平行结构,1. A. take B. takes C. took D. has taken2. A. sports B. business C. homework D. housework3. A. riding B. flying C. walking D. driving,完形填空。 共205词 推荐做题时间 10分钟,Xiao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too many activitiesHis father 1 him away from school four afternoons a week and drives him across town to practice“I do most of my 2 in the car when we are 3 to practice，and I have to do the rest when I get homeI am too tried, I just want to sleep.” He said. “More and more kids become unhappy 4 they have too many activities to do.” said Mr. Wang，an expert(专家)of child development“4lof the children aged 9-13 said they felt 46 most of the time，and more than 750f them said that they wished they had more 6 to play.” “Over-scheduling (过量的课程安排) is a growing problem for Chinese families.” said Mr. WangIt is not good for both kids and their parents. More families eat dinner 7 or often eat fast food 8 their way to football practice or music lessons. We all know it is important for kids to learn how to relax. If they dont learn that now, it will be more difficult to learn when they get 9 . Kids need time to relax. Parents should 10 about what is right for kids.,前提示,后暗示,1. A. take B. takes C. took D. has taken2. A. sports B. business C. homework D. housework3. A. riding B. flying C. walking D. driving,相同或相似结构,完形填空。 共205词 推荐做题时间 10分钟,Xiao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too many activitiesHis father 1 him away from school four afternoons a week and drives him across town to practice“I do most of my 2 in the car when weare 3 to practice，and I have to do the rest when I get homeI am too tried,I just want to sleep.” He said. “More and more kids become unhappy 4 they have too many activities todo.” said Mr. Wang，an expert(专家)of child development“4lof thechildren aged 9-13 said they felt 5 most of the time，and more than 750f them said that they wished they had more 6 to play.” “Over-scheduling (过量的课程安排) is a growing problem for Chinese families.” said Mr. WangIt is not good for both kids and their parents. More families eat dinner 7 or often eat fast food 8 their way tofootball practice or music lessons. We all know it is important for kids to learnhow to relax. If they dont learn that now, it will be more difficult to learnwhen they get 9 . Kids need time to relax. Parents should 10 about what isright for kids.,因果关系,表达心情的形容词,应与表达心情的形容词匹配,后暗示,4. A. but B. or C. because D. so5. A. excited B. interested C. worried D. dangerous6. A. great timeB. full time C. right time D. free time,完形填空。 共205词 推荐做题时间 10分钟,Xiao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too many activitiesHis father 1 him away from school four afternoons a week and drives him across town to practice“I do most of my 2 in the car when we are 3 to practice，and I have to do the rest when I get homeI am too tried, I just want to sleep.” He said. “More and more kids become unhappy 4 they have too many activities to do.” said Mr. Wang，an expert(专家)of child development“4lof the children aged 9-13 said they felt 5 most of the time，and more than 750f them said that they wished they had more 6 to play.” “Over-scheduling (过量的课程安排) is a growing problem for Chinese families.” said Mr. WangIt is not good for both kids and their parents. More families eat dinner 7 or often eat fast food 8 their way to football practice or music lessons. We all know it is important for kids to learn how to relax. If they dont learn that now, it will be more difficult to learn when they get 9 . Kids need time to relax. Parents should 10 about what is right for kids.,后暗示,平行结构,7. A. slowly B. quickly C. quietly D. happily 8. A. on B. by C. in D. across 9. A. taller B. stronger C. older D. better10. A. hear B. think C. look D. tell,固定搭配,结合句义推测,固定搭配、语境,Step 4 再读文章，核查答案,将所有答案代入空格后，重新将短文复读一遍，争取做到：结构正确+语义通顺+逻辑合理。,保留解题痕迹的卷面：,Xiao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too many activitiesHis father 1 him away from school four afternoons a week and drives him across town to practice“I do most of my 2 in the car when we are 3 to practice，and I have to do the rest when I get homeI am too tried, I just want to sleep.” He said. “More and more kids become unhappy 4 they have too many activities to do.” said Mr. Wang，an expert(专家)of child development“4lof the children aged 9-13 said they felt 5 most of the time，and more than 750f them said that they wished they had more 6 to play.” “Over-scheduling (过量的课程安排) is a growing problem for Chinese families.” said Mr. WangIt is not good for both kids and their parents. More families eat dinner 7 or often eat fast food 8 their way to football practice or music lessons. We all know it is important for kids to learn how to relax. If they dont learn that now, it will be more difficult to learn when they get 9 . Kids need time to relax. Parents should 10 about what is right for kids.,后暗示,平行结构,固定搭配,结合句义推测,固定搭配、语境,前提示,后暗示,平行结构,Step 4 再读文章，核查答案,将所有答案代入空格后，重新将短文复读一遍，争取做到：结构正确+语义通顺+逻辑合理。,Now we have conquered K2.,具体解题步骤,1、抓住首尾，了解短文,2、通读全文，把握脉络,3、瞻前顾后，上下求索,4、再读文章，核查答案,勾划、研读首句尾句以及有中文注释的单词,打开答题窗口,了解全文。,跳过空格，速读全文，把握大意。注意文中的语篇标志，和句中的连词,捕捉关键词汇。,前后联系，先易后难。运用解题策略从句子、段落、语篇层面解题，划出语篇标志，找准关键词、定位词。,代入答案，再读全文，反复检查 争取做到：结构正确+语义通顺+逻辑合理。,少于1分钟,约5分钟,约2分钟,约2分钟,Summary,完形填空解题技巧口诀,要想完形做得好，语篇理解最重要。语义语用是考点，逻辑关系要判断。重首尾，看提示，平行结构要注意。依语法，找搭配，根据常识来选择。做标志，找关键，先易后难看时间。按照步骤来做题，利用技巧闯难关。,信息常识，上下呼应，搭配遣词，逻辑贯通,文中无闲句，句中无闲字,特别提示：,三、解题误区,1、单纯求快忽略语篇理解，只看局部的词义辨析、搭配和语法结构，试图用语言知识解决所有问题。 正确的做法是在整体理解语篇的基础上结合语境选择。2、时间安排不当，在几个选项上过分纠缠，追求完美，导致许多本可以做出的题来不及做。 正确的做法是由易到难，合理分配时间。,Task 2 按照解题步骤，利用解题技巧两人小组完成2014年河南省中考模拟题，保留解题的痕迹。,首、尾句及文章中心句： 关键词，提示词：,完形填空推荐圈点勾画符号：,Have a try!,One day the bathroom door had slammed on Timmys finger. The doctor asked if we had found the tip of Timmys finger. He said there was a small chance of 36 it if we could get it to him quickly. Pulling myself out of a daze, I ran back to the bathroom. 37 , it had already turned blue. I knew from the look on the doctors face that it was too late. I felt helpless, unable to take the pain away from my little boy. Then a(n) 38 came to me. I whispered in his ear, “Timmy, did you know that lizards（蜥蜴） grow their tails back and little boys can grow their fingers back too?” Timmys soft green eyes grew wide 39 excitement. “They can?” he asked, obviously surprised by the thought, “And 40 ?” I told him, “Inside your head you have a little voice telling your finger how much you love it and how much you 41 it.” I could see Timmys little face focused in deep concentration. Then I continued, “Now just say, grow for me finger, grow. I love you and I need you.” A few 42 later, Timmy said to me, “Im talking to my 43 every day, wishing it well.” Weeks later, Timmy ran towards me. “See,” he said, “Its growing back really good!” A year later, Timmys finger 44 back and became well again just as any finger could be. Timmy remains forever in my heart as a constant reminder of the 45 of miracles.,【2016模拟】完形填空,( )36. A. putting B. saving C. keeping D. losing( )37. A. Unfortunately B. Clearly C. Possibly D. Strangely( )38. A. plan B. dream C. idea D. answer( )39. A. of B. with C. at D. in( )40. A. what B. why C. where D. how( )41. A. thank B. give C. help D. need( )42. A. days B. weeks C. years D. minutes( )43. A. mother B. finger C. doctor D. lizard ( )44. A. went B. grew C. came D. turned( )45. A. opportunity B. strength C. importance D. possibility,B,B,B,B,D,D,D,A,A,C,36. B 根据上句医生询问是否已经找到蒂米的手指可推测。37. A 根据下文“it was too late”可判断”it had already turned blue”是不幸的。38. C 根据下文可推测出“我”想到了个“idea”。39. B 根据句意可知由于激动蒂米的眼睁大了，介词with可表原因。40. D 根据上文可推测他想知道怎样能让他的手指再长出来41. D 根据下文的“I love you and I need you”可以判断。42. A 根据下文的”weeks later; A year later”可以推测出答案。43. B 根据上文“Now just say, grow for me finger,”可推测出答案。44. B 根据上文”Its growing back really good!” 可以推测出答案。45. D 根据全文可判断此处要表达“他永远在我的心中是一个奇迹的可能性的提醒。”,Show your answers and give the reasons.,