初中英语语法填空浅析课件.ppt

.,1,语法填空题,考查：在语篇中考查学生对语法知识的理解、掌握以及运用的能力。即： 1、阅读/理解语篇的能力;2、分析句子结构的能力;3、熟练运用语法的能力。内容： 真实的语境中,语 法,句法,词法,章法,惯用法,.,2,语法填空题,体裁：记叙文为主篇幅: 约 11行，150-200字左右分值：10分 （10空）。（首句不设空）题型：1）纯空格题（非提示类，3个）：冠词、介词、关联词（并列句和从句）、代词、副词（again/still/also/yet）；2）提示词题（7个,一定要变化）： 动词（时态和语态、非谓语）、形容词副词比较级、词性转化等； * 不限填一个单词如 have been done（do），1分。,.,3,Strategy,.,4,Strategy,（派生词）,.,5,Strategy,.,6,温馨提示：1.重视语境，扎实语法。 掌握14个基本语法项目 P94-95：动词（时态语态、主谓一致、非谓语）、连词、名词、代词、冠词、介词、固定搭配、比较级最高级等；2.落实词汇 P72-93 （不规则动词）3.机械 变形 综合（词-句-篇）4.改编课文与拓展阅读材料等,.,7,语法填空解题技巧指导一，解题步骤：,1，快速浏览，了解大意。对于简单有把握的空，可以先填出来；,2，上下求索，填出答案。根据上下文及空格前后的逻辑关系，填出正确的词以及正确的形式；,3，通读全文，检查确认。特别要注意，根据文章意思，有些空是否要加入否定前缀。,.,8,（1）. 如果要填入动词，我们需要判断到底是谓语动词和非谓语动词。 如果缺谓语动词，就要考虑到时态和语态的变化。 若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，那么我们应该填入非谓语动词，这时我们需要确定到底是to do, doing还是done的形式。,二，解题思路：,1.有提示词 这类题和咱们以前用所给词的正确形式填空做题方法基本一致，首先需要我们根据上下文，分析句子成分，确定空格所需要的词性，再根据前后文确定词形。,.,9,例题：. For example, I _ (order) a digital camera online the other day and saved about $50. When I die, I _ (give) everything to you. On their return, the father asked his son _(explain) what he had learnt. They are animals _ (live) in the sea.He likes reading books _ (write) by Lu Xun.,.,10,（2）. 如果需要填入名词，我们则需要根据我们的积累，加上正确的词缀，并判断是否有单复数的变化。通常情况下，作主语，及物动词或介词的宾语，形容词或物主代词之后，冠词+（形容词）后以及表示数量的词后要用名词。,.,11,例题：,1.What is the _(different) between the two words.2.The _ (win) of the competition are to be announced next week.3.Look up the _ (mean) of the word in a dictionary.4. _(congratulate)! You have done so well in the game.,.,12,构词法：（这些单词都是大家初中阶段学习过的考纲内词汇，请务必熟记于心）动词变名词加ment，如：treatment, improvement, development, agreement, advertisement, achievement, punishment, excitement.加ion，如：invention, action, collection, attraction, suggestion, discussion去e加ion，如：education, operation, communication, graduation, congratulation去e加ation，如：preparation, invitation, imagination, examination,.,13,改de为sion，如：decision, conclusion加ing，如：training, meaning, building, meeting, feeling, greeting加or，如：actor, director, visitor加er，如：player, reader, owner, leader, speaker, farmer, waiter, reporter, dancer加ress，如：waitress, actress加ist，如：scientist，artist，tourist,.,14,2. 形容词变名词加ness，如：illness, sickness, kindness, sadness, happiness加y/ty，如：difficulty, safety加er/r，如：foreigner, stranger改t为ce，如：difference, silence, importance, patience, confidence加th或去e加th，如：warmth, truth,.,15,（3）. 如果需要填入形容词、副词。首先，我们要确认到底是填形容词还是副词。形容词一般用来修饰名词，代词，或作表语；副词一般用来修饰动词，形容词，副词或整个句子。其次，我们还要考虑是否需要变成比较级或最高级。,.,16,例题：1. His teacher took a deep drink, smiled _ (warm).2. His car reached a speed of forty miles an hour-much _ (fast) than any other cars.3. Just be _ (patience).4. The teachers are very _ (friend) and the classrooms are _ (amaze).5. - Are you satisfied with the result of the exam? - Not at all. I cant have a _ (bad) one.,.,17,构词法：（这些单词都是大家初中阶段学习过的考纲内词汇，请务必熟记于心） 动词或名词变形容词：,形容词变副词的后缀：,.,18,.,19,形容词变副词的后缀：,.,20,Some time ago, a friend of mine, who worked in a part of the city I didnt know very 1_ (good), invited me to call on him. It took me hours to get there and I took 2_ (greatly) trouble to find a proper spot to park my car. As I was already three-quarters of an hour late, I parked my car 3_ (quick).,.,21,At noon, just I was leaving my friends office, it 4_ (sudden) struck me that I had no idea where I had parked my car. I could hardly go up to a policeman and tell him that I had lost a small green car somewhere! Walking down street 5_ street, I examined each car 6_ (close) and was very happy to see a small green car just behind an old car. But How 7_ (disappoint) I was to discover that though the car was 8_ (exact) like my own, it belonged to someone else! Feeling quite 9_ (tire) now, I went off for lunch. Some time 10_ (late), I left the restaurant and walked down the street. Turning the corner, I nearly jumped for joy: my car was right in front of me, and there was no problem this time.,.,22,2.无提示词 无提示词的空格一般需要填入冠词，代词，介词，连词（并列连词和从属连词）等虚词。,（1）. 名词前面一般用冠词，形容词性物主代词或介词等。,. A young man, on his trip ,saw a spring of clear water. _ water was sweet. Besides, shopping at this time of the year was not _ pleasant experience. The young man went home _ a happy heart. Mo Yan won the Nobel Prize for _ great works.,.,23,（2）. 缺主语或宾语，一般填代词。常考的代词包括：人称代词，物主代词，反身代词，不定代词。做题时，先要通过翻译句子来确定该空格处所缺的意思，从而确定用哪一种代词，再通过平时积累的语法知识，来判断代词的准确使用。,. Here are two bags. The blue _ is mine. Suddenly the wall moved-_ was made of trees. New technologies have made _ possible to turn out new products faster.,.,24,例题：. Each winner gets a gold medal, a diploma (证书)_ an amount of money. He was very tired from doing this for a whole day, _ he felt very happy. Which do you prefer, folk music _ pop music?,（3）.若两个或多个单词，短语，或句子之间设空，一般填入并列连词and, but, or等。,.,25,（4）.若两个句子之间没有分号或是句号；若一个句子包含在另一个句子里面，或一个句子位于逗号之后，则应该填连词，多为从属连词that, who, which, if, unless, though, because, when, until等。,.,26,例题：1. _ he is a newcomer, he has few friends around them.2. Tom didnt go to bed _his mother came back from school.3. Dont give up , _youll never achieve your goals.4.You will succeed in the end _you give up halfway.,.,27,5. _ I like the food in that restaurant, I wont visit it today. Id like to try a different one.6.We havent decided _ we are going to put our new furniture.7. I cannot forget the time _I stayed in the countryside with those farmers.8. He said the girl was too fat, _made the girl very angry.,