中英文双语精品ppt课件心血管系统Cardiov.ppt

Cardiovascular System,aortaarteriolearteryAtrioventricular bundleAtrioventricular nodeatriumcapillaryCoronary arteriesDeoxygenated blood,主动脉 zhu dong mai小动脉 xiao dong mai动脉 dong mai房室束 fang shi shu房实结 fang shi jie心房 xin fang毛细血管 mao xi xue guan冠状动脉 guan zhuang dong mai低氧血 di yang xue,diastoleendocardiumMitral valvemurmurmyocardiumpacemakerpericardiumPulmonary arteryPulmonary circulation,舒张 shu zhang心内膜 xin nei mo二尖瓣 er jian ban杂音 za yin心肌 xin ji起搏点 qi bo dian心包 xin bao肺动脉 fei dong mai肺循环 fei xun huan,Cardiovascular System,Pulmonary valvePulmonary veinpulseseptumSinoatrial nodesphygmomanometerSystemic circulationsystoleTricuspid valve,肺动脉瓣 fei dong mai ban肺静脉 fei jing mai脉搏 mai bo间隔 jian ge窦房结 dou fang jie血压计 xue ya ji体循环 ti xun huan收缩 shou suo三尖瓣 san jian ban,Cardiovascular System,Vena cavaventriclevenule,腔静脉 qiang jing mai心室 xin shi小静脉 xiao jing mai,Cardiovascular System,Pathological Conditions,Cardiovascular System,Abnormal heart rhythms,Failure of proper conduction of impulses through the AV node to the atrioventricular bundle,Rapid but regular contractions of atria or ventricles,Pathological Conditions,Cardiovascular System,Rapid, random, ineffectual and irregular contractions of the heart(350 beats or more per minute),Abnormalities in the heart at birth,Narrowing of the aorta,Pathological Conditions,Cardiovascular System,A small duct between the aorta and the pulmonary artery, which normally closes soon after birth, remain open,Small holes in the septa between the atria or the ventricles,1.Pulmonary artery stenosis 2.ventricular septal defect3.Shift of the aorta to the right 4.hypertrophy of the right venticle,Pathological Conditions,Cardiovascular System,The heart is unable to pump its required amount of blood,Disease of the arteries surrounding the heartCause: atherosclerosis 动脉(dongmai)粥(zhou)样(yang)硬化(yinghua),Inflamation炎症(yanzheng) of the inner lining of the heart caused by bacteria细菌(xijun),Pathological Conditions,Cardiovascular System,High blood pressure affecting the heart,Improper closure of the mitral valve (enlarges and prolapses into the left atrium during systole),Inflammation of the membrane surrounding the heart,Pathological Conditions,Cardiovascular System,Heart disease caused by rheumatic fever (childhood disease),Local widening of an arterial wallCause: atherosclerosis, hypertension, weakness of vessel wall,High blood pressure. Most is essential原发性(yuanfaxing) ，with no identifiable cause,Pathological Conditions,Cardiovascular System,Blockage阻塞(zuse) of blood vessels outside the heart,Short episodes of pallor苍白(cangbai) and cyanosis紫绀(zigan) in the fingers手指(shouzhi) and toes脚趾(jiaozhi),Abnormally swollen and twisted veins, usually occurring in the legs腿(tui),Laboratory Tests, Clinical Procedures,Cardiovascular System,Measurement of cholesterol胆固醇(dan gu chun) and triglycerides甘油三酯(ganyousanzhi) in a blood sample,Lipoproteins (combinations of fat脂肪(zhifang) and protein蛋白质(danbaizhi) are physically separated in a blood sampleExamples: low-density lipoprotein(LDL)低(di)密度(midu)脂蛋白(zhidanbai),Chemicals measured in the blood as evidence of a heart attackExamples: creatine kinase(CK)肌酸激酶(jisuan jimei) troponin-T(cTnT)肌钙蛋白T(jigaidanbai),Laboratory Tests, Clinical Procedures,Cardiovascular System,A thin, flexible tube is guided into the heart via a vein静脉(jingmai) or an artery动脉(dongmai),Recording of electricity flowing through the heart,An ECG device is worn during a 24-hour period to detect cardiac arrhythmias心律失常(xinlshichang),Laboratory Tests, Clinical Procedures,Cardiovascular System,Exercise tolerance test determines the hearts response to physical exertion强(qiang)体力活动(tilihuodong) stress应激(yingji),Very brief discharges of electricity放电(fangdian), applied across the chest胸部(xiongbu) to stop arrthymias,Laboratory Tests, Clinical Procedures,Cardiovascular System,Arteries and veins are anastomosed联结(lianjie) to coronary arteries to detour around blockages阻塞(zuse),A heart-lung machine心肺(xinfei)机(ji) diverts blood from the heart and lungs while the heart is being repaired,Laboratory Tests, Clinical Procedures,Cardiovascular System,A donor供体(gongti) heart is transferred to a recipient受体(shouti),A balloon-tipped catheter尖头(jiantou)胶囊(jiaonang)导管(daoguan) is inserted into a coronary artery to open the artery; stents支架(zhijia) are put in place,医生：你有什么问题？Ni you shen me wen ti?病人：我头晕头痛。Wo tou yun tou tong.,Dialogue ,D: What happened to you?P: I get a headache and feel dizzy.,Cardiovascular System,医生：一直痛还是有时痛？Yi zhi tong hai shi you shi tong?病人：有时痛。但最近比较频繁。You shi tong. Dan zui jin bi jiao pin fan.,Dialogue ,D: All the time or sometimes?P: Sometimes. But its more frequent recently.,Cardiovascular System,医生：感冒了吗？Gan mao le ma?病人：没有。Mei you.,Dialogue ,D: Have you got a cold?P: No.,Cardiovascular System,医生：你有什么耳朵或者眼睛的疾病吗？Ni you shen me er duo huo zhe yan jing de ji bing ma?病人：我想没有。Wo xiang mei you.,Dialogue ,D: Have you got any disease with your ears or eyes?P: No, I dont think so.,Cardiovascular System,医生：那你确定是头晕而不是眩晕吗？晕的时候有没有感到周围事物在运动？Na ni que ding shi tou yun er bu shi xuan yun ma? Yun de shi hou you mei you gan dao zhou wei shi wu zai yun dong?病人：是的，我非常肯定就是头晕。Shi de, wo fei chang ken ding jiu shi tou yun.,Dialogue ,D: Then are you sure that its not vertigo but dizziness? Do you feel any movement of the articles surrounding?P: Yes, Im quite sure. Its a dizziness.,Cardiovascular System,医生：有高血压吗?You gao xue ya ma?病人：我不知道。Wo bu zhi dao.,Dialogue ,D: Do you have hypertension?P: I have no idea.,Cardiovascular System,医生：有没有发过心脏病？You mei you fa guo xin zang bing?病人：没有。Mei you.,Dialogue ,D: Have you experienced any heart attack?P: No, I havent.,Cardiovascular System,医生：除了头晕头痛，还有其他什么不舒服吗？Chu le tou yun tou tong, hai you qi ta shen me bu shu fu ma?病人：有时候做多了家务活，会感到胸闷.You shi hou zuo duo le jia wu huo, hui gan dao xiong men.,Dialogue ,D: Are there any other symptoms except that?P: I may feel a chest stress after doing a lot of housework.,Cardiovascular System,医生：嗯，如果爬楼，爬到几楼你会觉得很累而不得不停下来喘口气?En, ru guo pa lou, pa dao ji lou ni hui jue de hen lei er bu de bu ting xie lai chuan kou qi?病人：我不知道。我房子在二楼。需要上楼的时候我都是做电梯。Wo bu zhi dao. Wo fang zi zai er lou. Xu yao shang lou de shi hou wo dou shi zuo dian ti.,Dialogue ,D: Ok. Which floor can you get to before feeling too tired to stop for a breath when youre going upstairs?P: I dont know. My house is at the second floor and l usually turn to elevator when I have to go upstairs.,Cardiovascular System,医生：你很可能得了高血压，如果不控制的话，会引起心脏病。Ni hen ke neng de le gao xue ya, ru guo bu kong zhi de hua, hui yin qi xin zang bing.病人：有那么严重？我只是感到头晕而已啊？You na me yan zhong? Wo zhi shi gan dao tuo yun er yi a?,Dialogue ,D: Its strongly supposed that you have got a disease called hypertension which could cause heart disease if its not under control?P: Do you really think Im that ill? I just feel dizzy？,Cardiovascular System,医生：护士会先给你量两次血压，今天明天各一次。另外我建议你再做两项检查，心电图和超声心动图。今天就可以做完。Hu shi hui xian gei ni liang liang ci xue ya, jin tian ming tian ge yi ci. Ling wai wo jian yi ni zai zuo liang xiang jian cha, xin dian tu he chao sheng xin dong tu. Jin tian jiu ke yi zuo wan.病人：要花很多钱吗？这些检查有用吗？。Yao hua hen duo qian ma? Zhe xie jian cha you yong ma?,Dialogue ,D: First, nurse will take the blood pressure twice, once today and once tomorrow. I suggest another two examinations, including EKG and UCG. You can finish them today.P: Do they cost much? And what benefits do you think they will bring me.,Cardiovascular System,医生：两天测两次血压是标准原则，而心电图和超声心动图能发现心脏的毛病。Liang tian ce liang ci xue ya shi biao zhun yuan ze, er xin dian tu he chao sheng xin dong tu neng fa xian xin zang de mao bing.病人：好的，不过请你为我省些钱，我不是个有钱的老太太，也没有医疗保险。Hao de, bu guo qing ni wei wo sheng xie qian, wo bu shi ge you qian de lao tai tai, ye mei you yi liao bao xian.,Dialogue ,D: Its a standard procedure to take your blood pressure twice in two days. The EKG and UCG will find out the trouble of the heart ?P: Ok. But please spare some money for me. I am not a rich old woman and I have no medical insurance.,Cardiovascular System,